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=== Red fox === [[File:RΓΈd rΓ¦v (Vulpes vulpes).jpg|thumb|right|The [[red fox]] is the main quarry of European and American fox hunts.]] The [[red fox]] (''Vulpes vulpes'') is the normal prey animal of a fox hunt in the US and Europe. A small [[omnivore|omnivorous]] [[predator]],<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.derbyfoxes.org/diet.htm | title=Diet | year=2006 | work=Derbyshire Fox Rescue | access-date=9 September 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070829092033/http://www.derbyfoxes.org/diet.htm | archive-date=29 August 2007 }}</ref> the fox lives in burrows called earths,<ref>{{cite web|title=Peatland Wildlife β The Fox|publisher=Northern Ireland Environment and Heritage Service|year=2004|url=http://www.peatlandsni.gov.uk/wildlife/mammals/redfox.htm|access-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120805124711/http://www.peatlandsni.gov.uk/wildlife/mammals/redfox.htm|archive-date=5 August 2012}}</ref> and is predominantly active around twilight (making it a [[crepuscular]] animal).<ref name=umad>{{cite web|publisher=University of Michigan β Animal Diversity Web|last=Fox|first=David|title=Vulpes vulpes (red fox)|access-date=13 October 2007|url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Vulpes_vulpes.html}}</ref> Adult foxes tend to range around an area of between {{nowrap|5 and 15}} square kilometres ({{nowrap|2β6 square miles}}) in good terrain, although in poor terrain, their range can be as much as {{convert|20|km2|sqmi}}.<ref name=umad/> The red fox can run at up to {{convert|48|km/h|mph||abbr=on}}.<ref name=umad/> The fox is also variously known as a ''Tod'' (old English word for fox),<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Behind the name|year=2007|title=Todd|url=http://www.behindthename.com/name/todd|access-date=14 October 2007}}</ref> ''[[Reynard]]'' (the name of an [[Anthropomorphism|anthropomorphic]] character in European literature from the twelfth century),<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Reynard the Fox |volume=21 |page=226}}</ref> or ''Charlie'' (named for the [[British Whig Party|Whig]] politician [[Charles James Fox]]).<ref name="BBC2">{{cite news|publisher=BBC News|title=Three centuries of hunting foxes|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/422753.stm|access-date=13 October 2007|date=16 September 1999}}</ref> American red foxes tend to be larger than European forms, but according to foxhunters' accounts, they have less cunning, vigour and endurance in the chase than European foxes.<ref>''Sketches in Natural History: History of the Mammalia''. By Charles Knight Published by C. Cox, 1849</ref>
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