Editing Fixed-wing aircraft (section)

===Airplane/aeroplane===
{{Main|Airplane}}
[[File:Flightline at Kabul International Airport.jpeg|thumb|Aircraft parked on the ground in Afghanistan]]
An airplane (aeroplane or plane) is a powered fixed-wing aircraft propelled by [[thrust]] from a [[jet engine]] or [[Propeller (aircraft)|propeller]]. Planes come in many sizes, shapes, and wing configurations. Uses include [[recreation]], transportation of goods and people, military, and research.

====Seaplane====
{{Main|Seaplane}}
A seaplane (hydroplane) is capable of [[takeoff|taking off]] and [[water landing|landing]] (alighting) on water. Seaplanes that can also operate from dry land are a subclass called [[amphibian aircraft]].<ref>de Saint-Exupery, A. (1940). "Wind, Sand and Stars" p33, Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc.</ref> Seaplanes and amphibians divide into two categories: [[floatplane|float plane]]s and [[flying boat]]s.

* A [[floatplane|float plane]] is similar to a land-based airplane. The [[fuselage]] is not specialized. The wheels are replaced/enveloped by [[Float (nautical)|floats]], allowing the craft to make remain afloat for water landings.
* A [[flying boat]] is a [[seaplane]] with a watertight [[hull (watercraft)|hull]] for the lower (ventral) areas of its fuselage. The fuselage lands and then rests directly on the water's surface, held afloat by the hull. It does not need additional floats for buoyancy, although small underwing floats or fuselage-mounted [[sponson]]s may be used to  stabilize it. Large seaplanes are usually flying boats, embodying most classic amphibian aircraft designs.

====Powered gliders====
{{Main|Powered glider}}
Many forms of glider may include a small power plant. These include:
*[[Motor glider]] – a conventional [[glider aircraft|glider]] or [[sailplane]] with an auxiliary power plant that may be used when in flight to increase performance.<ref>{{cite book|url= http://www.fai.org/gliding/sc3.1.0|title=FAI Sporting Code | section = 3. Gliding, chapter 1: General Rules and Definitions| access-date=21 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007144651/http://www.fai.org/gliding/sc3.1.0 |archive-date=7 October 2007}}</ref>
*[[Powered hang glider]] – a [[hang glider]] with a power plant added.
*[[Powered parachute]] – a [[paraglider]] type of parachute with an integrated air frame, seat, undercarriage and power plant hung beneath.<ref>{{cite web |last=Code of Federal Regulations (U.S.) |title=14 CFR 1.1 - General definitions. |url=https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/chapter-I/subchapter-A/part-1/section-1.1 |website=www.ecfr.gov}}</ref>
*[[Powered paraglider]] or paramotor – a [[paraglider]] with a power plant suspended behind the pilot.<ref>{{cite book | last = Goin | first = Jeff | editor = Dennis Pagen | title = The Powered Paragliding Bible | year = 2006 | isbn = 0-9770966-0-2 | page = 253 | publisher = Airhead Creations }}</ref>

====Ground effect vehicle====
{{main|Ground effect vehicle}}
A ground effect vehicle (GEV) flies close to the terrain, making use of the [[Ground effect (aerodynamics)|ground effect]] – the interaction between the wings and the surface. Some GEVs are able to fly higher out of ground effect (OGE) when required – these are classed as powered fixed-wing aircraft.<ref>Michael Halloran and Sean O'Meara, ''Wing in Ground Effect Craft Review'', DSTO, Australia {{cite web|url=http://www.dsto.defence.gov.au/publications/2058/DSTO-GD-0201.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=24 August 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130522002835/http://www.dsto.defence.gov.au/publications/2058/DSTO-GD-0201.pdf |archive-date=22 May 2013 |df=dmy }}, p51. Notes an agreement between ICAO and IMO that WIGs come under the jurisdiction of the International Maritime Organisation although there an exception for craft with a sustained use out of ground effect (OGE) to be considered as aircraft.</ref>