Editing Fiddler on the Roof (section)

===Original productions===
[[File:Zero Mostel - Fiddler.JPG|right|upright|thumb|[[Zero Mostel]] as [[Tevye]] in the original Broadway production, 1964]]
Following its tryout at Detroit's [[Fisher Building#Fisher Theatre|Fisher Theatre]] in July and August 1964,<ref>[http://www.broadwayindetroit.com/engine.cfm?i=80 "Show Archive"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116132856/http://www.broadwayindetroit.com/engine.cfm?i=80 |date=January 16, 2014}}, Broadway in Detroit, accessed January 15, 2014</ref> then Washington in August to September,<ref name=Henneberger>Henneberger, Melinda. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/theater_dance/50th-anniversary-of-fiddler-on-the-roof-reunites-tevyes-many-daughters/2014/06/12/cd909860-f122-11e3-bf76-447a5df6411f_story.html "50th anniversary of ''Fiddler on the Roof'' reunites Tevye's many daughters"], ''[[The Washington Post]]'', June 14, 2014</ref> the original Broadway production opened on September 22, 1964, at the [[Imperial Theatre (Broadway)|Imperial Theatre]], transferred in 1967 to the [[Majestic Theatre (Broadway)|Majestic Theatre]] and in 1970 to [[the Broadway Theatre]], and ran for a record-setting total of 3,242 performances.<ref name=Hernandez>Hernandez, Ernio. [http://www.playbill.com/news/article/84588.html "''Fiddler on the Roof'' – 1964"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040603205640/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/84588.html |date=June 3, 2004}}, ''Playbill'', February 26, 2004, accessed June 17, 2015</ref> The production was directed and choreographed by Jerome Robbins – his last original Broadway staging.<ref>He staged [[Jerome Robbins' Broadway]], a "greatest hits" collection of some of his most famous stagings, at the Imperial Theatre on February 26, 1989, which ran for 633 performances.</ref> The set, designed in the style of [[Marc Chagall]]'s paintings, was by [[Boris Aronson]].<ref>Rich, p. 172</ref> A colorful logo for the production, also inspired by Chagall's work, was designed by [[Tom Morrow (artist)|Tom Morrow]]. Chagall reportedly did not like the musical.<ref name=Brustein/>

The cast included [[Zero Mostel]] as Tevye the milkman, [[Maria Karnilova]] as his wife Golde (both won a Tony for their performances), [[Beatrice Arthur]] as Yente the [[Shidduch|matchmaker]], [[Austin Pendleton]] as Motel, [[Bert Convy]] as Perchik the student revolutionary, [[Gino Conforti]] as the fiddler, and [[Julia Migenes]] as Hodel. Mostel [[ad-lib]]bed increasingly as the run went on, "which drove the authors up the wall".<ref name=Hernandez/> [[Joanna Merlin]] originated the role of Tzeitel, which was later assumed by [[Bette Midler]] during the original run. Carol Sawyer was Fruma Sarah, [[Adrienne Barbeau]] took a turn as Hodel, and [[Pia Zadora]] played the youngest daughter, Bielke. Both [[Peg Murray]] and [[Dolores Wilson]] made extended appearances as Golde, while other stage actors who have played Tevye include [[Herschel Bernardi]], [[Theodore Bikel]] and [[Harry Goz]] (in the original Broadway run), and [[Leonard Nimoy]]. Mostel's understudy in the original production, [[Paul Lipson]], went on to appear as Tevye in more performances than any other actor (until [[Chaim Topol]]), clocking over 2,000 performances in the role in the original run and several revivals.<ref name="Lipson obit">Gussow, Mel. [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F06E0DB1239F936A35752C0A960958260 "Paul Lipson, 82, Who Appeared As Tevye Over 2,000 Times"]. ''The New York Times'', January 5, 1996, accessed October 19, 2015</ref> [[Florence Stanley]] took over the role of Yente nine months into the run.<ref>[http://www.playbillvault.com/Person/Detail/82003/Florence-Stanley "Florence Stanley"], PlaybillValult.com, accessed July 29, 2015</ref> The production earned $1,574 for every dollar invested in it.<ref>Kantor, p. 302: "The 1960s was the decade that nurtured long-running blockbusters in unprecedented quantities: ten musicals passed the rarefied 1,000 performance mark, three of them passed the 2,000 mark (''Hello, Dolly!'', a Merrick smash, grossed $27 million on Broadway), and one, ''Fiddler on the Roof'', passed the 3,000 mark, earning back $1,574 for every dollar put into it."</ref> It was nominated for ten [[Tony Award]]s, winning nine, including Best Musical, score, book, direction and choreography, and acting awards for Mostel and Karnilova.<ref name=Hernandez/>

The original London [[West End theatre|West End]] production opened on February 16, 1967, at [[Her Majesty's Theatre]] and played for 2,030 performances.<ref>[http://www.guidetomusicaltheatre.com/shows_f/fiddler_on_the_roof.htm ''Fiddler On The Roof''], Guide to Musical Theatre, accessed July 24, 2016.</ref> It starred Topol as Tevye, a role he had previously played in Tel Aviv, and [[Miriam Karlin]] as Golde. [[Alfie Bass]], [[Lex Goudsmit]] and Barry Martin eventually took over as Tevye.<ref>[http://www.thisistheatre.com/londonshows/fiddlerontheroof.html#1967 Replacements 1967], Thisistheatre.com, accessed May 25, 2020</ref> Topol later played Tevye in the 1971 film adaptation, for which he was nominated for an Academy Award, and in several revivals over the next four decades.<ref>Heller, Aron. [http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/features/1.652691 "Iconic Israeli Actor Chaim Topol Reflects Upon His Long Career"], ''Haaretz'', April 21, 2015, accessed August 4, 2016; and Propst, Andy. [http://www.theatermania.com/touring-productions/news/11-2009/harvey-fierstein-replaces-topol-in-fiddler-on-the_22808.html "Harvey Fierstein Replaces Topol in ''Fiddler on the Roof'' Tour"], TheaterMania.com, November 11, 2009, accessed July 24, 2016</ref> The show was revived in London for short seasons in 1983 at the [[Apollo Victoria Theatre]]<ref name=WE1983>{{cite web |title=Fiddler on the Roof 1990 Playbill |url=https://www.playbill.com/production/fiddler-on-the-roof-george-gershwin-theatre-vault-0000011040 |website=Playbill |access-date=May 14, 2020}}</ref> and in 1994 at the [[London Palladium]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Fiddler on the Roof 1994 London Recording |url=http://ovrtur.com/production/2891004/credits |website=Overtur |access-date=May 14, 2020}}</ref><ref name=WE1994>[http://homepage.mac.com/kierancreggan/Productions-Theatre/fiddlerontherooa.html Information on the 1994 production] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014113603/http://homepage.mac.com/kierancreggan/Productions-Theatre/fiddlerontherooa.html |date=October 14, 2007}}</ref>