Editing Falaise, Calvados (section)

==Points of Interest==

===Château de Falaise===
The main attraction for the town is the [[Château de Falaise]], which was used by Norman royalty as the seat of the [[Dukes of Normandy]], until the 13th&nbsp;century, when it was captured by King [[Philip&nbsp;II of France]]. It is commonly known as Château Guillaume le Conquérant or William the Conqueror's Castle as he was born here.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.falaise-suissenormande.com/en/explorer/falaise-cite-medievale-de-normandie/chateau-medieval-guillaume-le-conquerant/|title=Go back in time at the Château Guillaume-le-Conquérant in Falaise|website=Falaise – Suisse Normande}}</ref> In 1840 it was declared a ''[[monument historique]]'' in 1840, and today is open to the public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111309/falaise-chateau-fort-actuellement-college|title=Château fort, actuellement collège à Falaise – PA00111309 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>

===National heritage sites===

In addition to the castle Falaise has another 23 buildings and areas listed as a ''[[monument historique]]''.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/departement/14/calvados|title=Les Monuments Historiques en Calvados – 14 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> Three of these listed buildings, the old courthouse and two houses, are no longer remaining as were destroyed during [[World War II]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111327/falaise-ancien-palais-de-justice|title=Ancien Palais de Justice à Falaise – PA00111327 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111323/falaise-maison-chapot|title=Maison Chapot à Falaise – PA00111323 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111324/falaise-maison-a-pans-de-bois|title=Maison à pans de bois à Falaise – PA00111324 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> Another three listed buildings are town houses from the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111320/falaise-immeuble|title=Immeuble à Falaise – PA00111320 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111321/falaise-immeuble|title=Immeuble à Falaise – PA00111321 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111325/falaise-maison-du-16e-siecle|title=Maison du 16e siècle à Falaise – PA00111325 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> 
The remaining 17 listed sites are below:

*'''Château de la Fresnaye''' – a seventeenth-century chateau, home of Nicolas Vauquelin, that was listed as a monument in 1945.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111310/falaise-chateau-de-la-fresnaye|title=Château de la Fresnaye à Falaise – PA00111310 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> Since 1986 it has been owned by the city and is now used for hosting exhibitions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.petitfute.co.uk/v4734-falaise-14700/c1173-visites-points-d-interet/c937-monuments/c949-chateau/169595-chateau-de-la-fresnaye.html|title=Castle – Château – FRESNAYE CASTLE – Falaise|website=www.petitfute.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/falaise-14700/falaise-les-tresors-du-chateau-de-la-fresnaye-5926109|title=Falaise. Les trésors du château de la Fresnaye|first=Mariam|last=FOURNIER|date=17 August 2018|website=Ouest-France.fr}}</ref>
*'''[[Equestrian statue of William the Conqueror|Statue of William the Conqueror]]''' – a nineteenth-century statue, showing William the Conqueror, mounted on a horse, and carrying the [[Gonfalon]] which had been handed over to him by [[Pope Alexander II]].<ref name=stat>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa14000067/falaise-statue-de-guillaume-le-conquerant|title=Statue de Guillaume le Conquérant à Falaise – PA14000067 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> The statue was created by Louis Rochet, and was listed as a monument in 2024.<ref name=stat/>
*'''Place Guillaume-le-Conquérant''' – The cobblestone floor surrounding the statue and leading to the castle was listed as a monument in 1935.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111328/falaise-place-guillaume-le-conquerant|title=Place Guillaume-le-Conquérant à Falaise – PA00111328 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Old City walls''' – Remains of the 13th century and 17th century city walls, which were first listed as a monument in 1927.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111315/falaise-vestiges-de-lenceinte-fortifiee|title=Vestiges de l'enceinte fortifiée à Falaise – PA00111315 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Covered market''' – Built in 1953 to replace the old grain hall which was destroyed during the war, the building was listed as a monument in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa14000092/falaise-marche-couvert|title=Marché couvert à Falaise – PA14000092 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Mesnil-Besnard Manor''' – a 16th-century manor house listed as a monument in 1987.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111326/falaise-manoir-du-mesnil-besnard|title=Manoir du Mesnil-Besnard à Falaise – PA00111326 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Hôtel-Dieu''' – a thirteenth century place for the sick and elderly to receive care.<ref name=mediatech>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mediatheque-cdcfalaise.fr/node/content/nid/188767|title=Un peu d'histoire|website=www.mediatheque-cdcfalaise.fr}}</ref> In 1764 it was converted to a chapel, which it remained as such until World War 2, when it was almost completely destroyed.<ref name=mediatech/> During the 1960s and 1970s it was completely restored and is now the Cities Library.<ref name=mediatech/> It was registered as a monument in 1927.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111317/falaise-ancien-hotel-dieu|title=Ancien Hôtel-Dieu à Falaise – PA00111317 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> 
*'''La Romaine Inn''' – Former seventeenth century hostel, that was listed as a monument in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111308/falaise-ancienne-auberge-de-la-romaine|title=Ancienne auberge de La Romaine à Falaise – PA00111308 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Inn sign''' – a 17th-century carved stone sign for an Inn, listed as a monument in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111316/falaise-enseigne-dauberge|title=Enseigne d'auberge à Falaise – PA00111316 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Guibray fair lodges''' – Former 18th century lodge house, registered as a monument in 1975.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111322/falaise-anciennes-loges-de-la-foire-de-guibray|title=Anciennes loges de la foire de Guibray à Falaise – PA00111322 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Hotel Saint-Léonard''' – an 18th-century hotel that was listed as a monument in 1968.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111319/falaise-hotel-saint-leonard|title=Hôtel Saint-Léonard à Falaise – PA00111319 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Les Rives Hotel''' – a former hotel built in the 18th century, that was recently discovered to be on top of medieval remains.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/falaise-14700/a-falaise-un-projet-dhabitat-participatif-interrompu-par-des-fouilles-archeologiques-696dad66-7eec-11ee-b253-15639905f92e|title=À Falaise, un projet d'habitat participatif interrompu par des fouilles archéologiques|first=Adrien|last=MASSON|date=29 November 2023|website=Ouest-France.fr}}</ref> The building was listed as a monument in 1967.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111318/falaise-hotel-dit-les-rives|title=Hôtel dit Les Rives à Falaise – PA00111318 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Louis Liard Lycée''' – This secondary school for boys was built in the third quarter of the 20th century after the original school was destroyed in World War 2.<ref name=lycee>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa14000091/falaise-lycee-louis-liard|title=Lycée Louis Liard à Falaise – PA14000091 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref> The building was listed<!-- as what? --> in 2010.<ref name=lycee/>
*'''Church of Our Lady of Guibray''' – a 12th-century [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] church listed as a monument in 1961.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111311/falaise-eglise-notre-dame-de-guibray|title=Eglise Notre-Dame de Guibray à Falaise – PA00111311 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.falaise-suissenormande.com/en/sites-et-musees/eglise-notre-dame-de-guibray/|title=Notre-Dame-de-Guibray church in FALAISE|date=1 January 2024|website=Falaise – Suisse Normande}}</ref>
*'''Church of Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais''' – a twelfth-century church that's construction probably began shortly after the conquest of England in 1066, at the instigation of William the Conqueror.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.falaise-suissenormande.com/en/sites-et-musees/eglise-st-gervais-st-protais/|title=St Gervais St Protais church in FALAISE|date=1 January 2024|website=Falaise – Suisse Normande}}</ref> It was listed as a monument in 1862.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111312/falaise-eglise-saint-gervais-saint-protais|title=Eglise Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais à Falaise – PA00111312 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Church of St. Lawrence''' – a 12th-century church, built with donations from [[Matilda of Flanders]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.falaise-suissenormande.com/en/sites-et-musees/eglise-saint-laurent-de-falaise/|title=Church of Saint-Laurent de Falaise in FALAISE|date=1 January 2024|website=Falaise – Suisse Normande}}</ref> It was listed as a monument in 1927.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111313/falaise-eglise-saint-laurent|title=Eglise Saint-Laurent à Falaise – PA00111313 – Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>
*'''Holy Trinity Church''' – First built in 840 but it was destroyed during the siege of Philippe Auguste then rebuilt in 1204.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.falaise-suissenormande.com/en/sites-et-musees/eglise-de-la-trinite/|title=Holy Trinity Church in FALAISE|date=1 January 2024|website=Falaise – Suisse Normande}}</ref> It was listed<!-- as what? --> in 1889.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://monumentum.fr/monument-historique/pa00111314/falaise-eglise-de-la-trinite|title=Eglise de la Trinité à Falaise - PA00111314 - Monumentum|website=monumentum.fr}}</ref>

===Museums===
*'''Musée des Automates''' – Established in 1994, the museum is dedicated to [[Automaton]]s, mainly ones between 1920 and 1960, with over 300 on display.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://actu.fr/normandie/falaise_14258/musee-des-automates-plongez-dans-le-paris-du-xx-siecle_924761.html|title=Musée des automates : plongez dans le Paris du XX siècle|date=10 August 2015|website=actu.fr}}</ref>
*'''André Lemaître Museum''' – established in 2000 is dedicated to the work of artist André Lemaître.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.musee-andre-lemaitre.fr/web/andre-lemaitre.php|title=André Lemaitre – Biographie|website=www.musee-andre-lemaitre.fr}}</ref> in December 2022 the museum added Micro-Folie de Falaise – Espace André Lemaitre, which allows visitors to access digitally on giant screens 2,500 art works from 12 major French museums.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://actu.fr/normandie/falaise_14258/falaise-la-micro-folie-un-espace-numerique-rendant-la-culture-accessible-au-plus-grand-nombre_55989956.html|title=Falaise. La micro-folie, un espace numérique rendant la culture accessible au plus grand nombre|date=16 December 2022|website=actu.fr}}</ref> 
*'''Memorial des Civils dans La Guerre histoire''' – inaugurated in 2016, the museum is dedicated to the daily life of the people at the heart of the Second World War and pays tribute to the 20,000 civilians killed at the [[Operation Overlord|Battle of Normandy]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ouest-france.fr/culture/musees/memorial-des-civils/a-falaise-le-memorial-des-civils-dans-la-guerre-change-de-mains-et-maintenant-e19da4c4-90fa-11ee-b098-8644c47fd929|title=À Falaise, le Mémorial des civils dans la guerre change de mains : et maintenant ?|first=Adrien|last=MASSON|date=3 December 2023|website=Ouest-France.fr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://actu.fr/normandie/falaise_14258/le-memorial-de-falaise-une-plongee-dans-le-quotidien-des-civils-de-la-seconde-guerre-mondiale_59924857.html|title=Le Mémorial de Falaise, une plongée dans le quotidien des civils de la Seconde Guerre mondiale|date=2 August 2023|website=actu.fr}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:Church of Our Lady of Guibray.jpg|Church of Our Lady of Guibray
File:Old City walls of Falaise.jpg|Old City walls of Falaise
File:Place Guillaume-le-Conquérant.jpg|Place Guillaume-le-Conquérant
File:Statue of William the Conquerer.jpg|Statue of William the Conqueror
File:The old hotel dieu in Falaise.jpg|The old hotel dieu in Falaise - now the city library
File:Falaise - 68.jpg|Memorial des Civils dans La Guerre histoire
File:Musée des Automates, pic-039.JPG|Musée des Automates

</gallery>