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=== Substrate presentation === [[Substrate presentation]] is a process where the enzyme is sequestered away from its substrate. Enzymes can be sequestered to the plasma membrane away from a substrate in the nucleus or cytosol.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Agrawal D, Budakoti M, Kumar V | title = Strategies and tools for the biotechnological valorization of glycerol to 1, 3-propanediol: Challenges, recent advancements and future outlook | journal = Biotechnology Advances | volume = 66 | pages = 108177 | date = September 2023 | pmid = 37209955 | doi = 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108177 | hdl = 1826/19759 }}</ref> Or within the membrane, an enzyme can be sequestered into lipid rafts away from its substrate in the disordered region. When the enzyme is released it mixes with its substrate. Alternatively, the enzyme can be sequestered near its substrate to activate the enzyme. For example, the enzyme can be soluble and upon activation bind to a lipid in the plasma membrane and then act upon molecules in the plasma membrane.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Selvy PE, Lavieri RR, Lindsley CW, Brown HA | title = Phospholipase D: enzymology, functionality, and chemical modulation | journal = Chemical Reviews | volume = 111 | issue = 10 | pages = 6064β6119 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21936578 | pmc = 3233269 | doi = 10.1021/cr200296t }}</ref>
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