Editing Economy of Peru (section)

==== Military ''juntas'' and first Belaúnde government ====
Over the next two decades, [[Military juntas|military ''juntas'']] controlled Peru. On 29 October 1948, General [[Manuel A. Odría]] led a successful military coup against Bustamante and assumes the presidency until 1956. Odría's government experienced a growing economy due to a commodity boom, though many of the government's investments remained in coastal cities while unrest increased among interior and Andean regions that remained impoverished.<ref name="CH" /> Haya de la Torre – whose APRA party had drifted even more to right-wing politics at this time – won the [[1962 Peruvian general election]] against [[Fernando Belaúnde]], founder of the right-wing [[Popular Action (Peru)|Popular Action]], though Haya de la Torre was unable to take office due to [[1962 Peruvian coup d'état|a military coup]] opposed to APRA.

After a brief military government, Belaúnde won the [[1963 Peruvian general election]], with his government making modest improvements by increasing industrialization and constructing highways into the Andes.<ref name="CH" /> Belaúnde held a doctrine called "''The Conquest of Peru by Peruvians''", which promoted the exploitation of resources in the Amazon and other outlying areas of Peru through [[conquest]].<ref name="BA">{{Cite web|last=Dourojeanni|first=Marc J.|date=12 June 2017|title=Belaúnde en la Amazonía|url=https://www.caaap.org.pe/2017/06/12/belaunde-en-la-amazonia-por-marc-j-dourojeanni/|access-date=14 October 2021|website=Centro Amazónico de Antropología y Aplicación Práctica (CAAAP)|language=es|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028170325/https://www.caaap.org.pe/2017/06/12/belaunde-en-la-amazonia-por-marc-j-dourojeanni/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In one 1964 incident called the [[:es:Genocidio matsé|Matsé genocide]], the Belaúnde administration targeted the [[Matsés]] after two loggers were killed, with the Peruvian armed forces and American fighter planes dropping [[napalm]] on the indigenous groups armed with bows and arrows, killing hundreds.<ref name="BA" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=19 April 2017|title=El día en el que Fernando Belaúnde mandó a matar a cientos de nativos|url=https://www.diariovoces.com.pe/79158/dia-fernando-belaunde-mando-matar-cientos-nativos|access-date=14 October 2021|website=Diario Voces|language=es}}</ref> Belaúnde's economic measures were received with disapproval from rural and peasant Peruvians.<ref name="CH" /> His government's reliance on resource exports, especially with the fishing industry, resulted in increased inflation and a growing deficit.<ref name="CH" /> Amid this conflict, general [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]] overthrows the Belaúnde in the [[1968 Peruvian coup d'état]] .<ref name="CH" />