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=== Climate === Dushanbe features a [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: [[Hot-summer Mediterranean climate|Csa]]),<ref name="Koeppen">{{cite journal |last1=Beck |first1=Hylke E. |last2=Zimmermann |first2=Niklaus E. |last3=McVicar |first3=Tim R. |last4=Vergopolan |first4=Noemi |last5=Berg |first5=Alexis |last6=Wood |first6=Eric F. |title=Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution |journal=Scientific Data |date=30 October 2018 |volume=5 |page=180214 |doi=10.1038/sdata.2018.214 |pmid=30375988 |pmc=6207062|issn=2052-4463|bibcode=2018NatSD...580214B}}</ref> with some [[humid continental climate]] influences ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: Dsa) due to the nearby [[glacier]]s and mountain range.<ref name="Dushanbe twinning" /><ref name="Koeppen" /> The city features hot summers and chilly winters. The climate is damper than other Central Asian capitals, with an average annual rainfall over {{convert|500|mm|in|0}} as moist air is funneled by the surrounding valley during the winter and spring. Winters are not as cold as north of the [[Gissar Range]] owing to the shielding of the city by mountains from extremely cold air from [[Siberia]]. Snow occurs on an average of 25 days a year and cloudy days make up an average of 24 a year.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav012408.shtml|title=Tajikistan: Citizens Ponder Bleak Future Amid Harsh Winter - Eurasianet.Org<!-- Bot generated title -->|access-date=22 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034901/http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav012408.shtml|archive-date=1 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> However, precipitation in winter typically falls as rain and not snow. The surrounding mountains prohibit strong winds from entering the city, although there are consistent mild breezes.<ref name="Davidzon-1983c">{{Cite book|last=M.|first=Davidzon|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/11399951|title=Dushanbe, a guide|date=1983|publisher=Raduga|pages=6–7|oclc=11399951}}</ref> Winter in Dushanbe begins on 7 December and ends on 22 February; spring starts on 22 February and ends on 17 May. During springtime, [[cyclone]]s and rain are at their highest along with thunderstorms and hail, which causes significant damage and occurs for around 3 days per year.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004" /> Summer starts on 17 May and ends on 14 August, the best period for agriculture.<ref name="Davidzon-1983c" /> Dry weather sets in during this, as evidenced by a sharp drop in precipitation during the summer. A warm and dry autumn begins on 14 August and ends on 7 December.<ref name="Sharifovich-2019" /> {{Weather box |location = Dushanbe (1991–2020, extremes 1926–present) |width = auto |metric first = Y |single line = Y |Jan record high C = 21.8 |Feb record high C = 27.7 |Mar record high C = 32.2 |Apr record high C = 36.2 |May record high C = 38.8 |Jun record high C = 44.1 |Jul record high C = 43.7 |Aug record high C = 45.0 |Sep record high C = 38.9 |Oct record high C = 36.8 |Nov record high C = 31.9 |Dec record high C = 24.3 |year record high C = 45.0 |Jan high C = 9.0 |Feb high C = 11.0 |Mar high C = 17.0 |Apr high C = 22.8 |May high C = 27.9 |Jun high C = 33.6 |Jul high C = 36.4 |Aug high C = 35.5 |Sep high C = 31.3 |Oct high C = 24.4 |Nov high C = 16.7 |Dec high C = 11.1 |year high C = 23.1 |Jan mean C = 3.1 |Feb mean C = 5.0 |Mar mean C = 10.5 |Apr mean C = 15.8 |May mean C = 20.1 |Jun mean C = 25.1 |Jul mean C = 27.4 |Aug mean C = 26.0 |Sep mean C = 21.2 |Oct mean C = 14.7 |Nov mean C = 9.0 |Dec mean C = 4.6 |year mean C = 15.2 |Jan low C = -0.9 |Feb low C = 0.5 |Mar low C = 5.5 |Apr low C = 10.1 |May low C = 13.4 |Jun low C = 17.2 |Jul low C = 18.9 |Aug low C = 17.2 |Sep low C = 12.7 |Oct low C = 7.8 |Nov low C = 3.8 |Dec low C = 0.4 |year low C = 8.9 |Jan record low C = −26.6 |Feb record low C = −17.6 |Mar record low C = −12.9 |Apr record low C = -6.1 |May record low C = 1.2 |Jun record low C = 8.4 |Jul record low C = 10.9 |Aug record low C = 8.2 |Sep record low C = -1.0 |Oct record low C = −4.4 |Nov record low C = −13.5 |Dec record low C = −19.5 |year record low C = −26.6 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 61 |Feb precipitation mm = 94 |Mar precipitation mm = 103 |Apr precipitation mm = 114 |May precipitation mm = 77 |Jun precipitation mm = 17 |Jul precipitation mm = 3 |Aug precipitation mm = 1 |Sep precipitation mm = 4 |Oct precipitation mm = 29 |Nov precipitation mm = 55 |Dec precipitation mm = 60 |year precipitation mm = |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 8.5 |Feb precipitation days = 9.1 |Mar precipitation days = 13.4 |Apr precipitation days = 9.8 |May precipitation days = 7.8 |Jun precipitation days = 1.5 |Jul precipitation days = 0.7 |Aug precipitation days = 0.1 |Sep precipitation days = 0.8 |Oct precipitation days = 3.7 |Nov precipitation days = 5.3 |Dec precipitation days = 8.1 |year precipitation days = 68.8 |Jan humidity = 69 |Feb humidity = 67 |Mar humidity = 65 |Apr humidity = 63 |May humidity = 57 |Jun humidity = 42 |Jul humidity = 41 |Aug humidity = 44 |Sep humidity = 44 |Oct humidity = 56 |Nov humidity = 63 |Dec humidity = 69 |year humidity = 57 |Jan sun = 120 |Feb sun = 121 |Mar sun = 156 |Apr sun = 198 |May sun = 281 |Jun sun = 337 |Jul sun = 352 |Aug sun = 338 |Sep sun = 289 |Oct sun = 224 |Nov sun = 164 |Dec sun = 119 |year sun = 2699 |source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net<ref name = Pogoda > {{cite web | url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/38836.htm | title = Weather and Climate-The Climate of Dushanbe | publisher = Weather and Climate | language = ru | access-date = 28 October 2021}}</ref> |source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (humidity 1951–1993 and precipitation days 1961–1990)<ref name = DWD> {{cite web | url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_388360_kt.pdf | title = Klimatafel von Duschanbe / Tadschikistan | work = Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world | publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst | language = de | access-date = 18 February 2016}}</ref> NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web | url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/TABLES/REG_II/TK/38836.TXT | title = Dushanbe Climate Normals 1961–1990 | publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] | access-date = 18 February 2016}}</ref> |date=August 2010 }}
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