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==== Anglo-Saxon times ==== In Anglo-Saxon England, where the Roman political divisions were largely abandoned, the highest political rank beneath that of king was [[ealdorman]], and the first ealdormen were referred to as ''duces'' (the plural of the original Latin ''dux'') in the chronicles. The title ealdorman was replaced by the [[Danish language|Danish]] ''eorl'' (later [[earl]]) over time. After the [[Norman conquest of England|Norman conquest]], their power and regional jurisdiction was limited to that of the Norman [[count]]s.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Normans: The History of a Dynasty|last=Crouch|first=David|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|year=2002|isbn=978-1852855956|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781852855956/page/108 108]|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781852855956/page/108}}</ref>
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