Editing Dubuque, Iowa (section)

===Religion===
{{See also|Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dubuque}}
[[File:St. Raphael's Cathedral - Dubuque, Iowa 02.jpg|thumb|[[St. Raphael's Cathedral (Dubuque)|Saint Raphael's Cathedral]], the oldest church in [[Iowa]]]]
Since its founding, Dubuque has had, and continues to have, a strong religious tradition. Local [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] settlers established what would become the first Christian church in Iowa, [[St. Raphael's Cathedral (Dubuque, Iowa)|St. Raphael's Cathedral]], in 1833. The city also played a key role in the expansion of the Catholic Church into the Western United States, as it was the administrative center for Catholics in what is now [[Iowa]], [[Minnesota]], [[North Dakota]], and [[South Dakota]]. Many important Catholic religious leaders have lived in Dubuque, including its first bishop, [[Mathias Loras]]; Fr [[Samuel Charles Mazzuchelli|Samuel Mazzuchelli]], OP; [[Clement Smyth]]; and Mother [[Mary Frances Clarke]], BVM. Catholic parishes around the city include Saint Raphael's, [[Saint Mary's Catholic Church (Dubuque, Iowa)|Saint Mary's]],
[[Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Dubuque, Iowa)|Sacred Heart]], [[Holy Ghost Catholic Church (Dubuque, Iowa)|Holy Ghost]], [[Saint Patrick's Church (Dubuque)|Saint Patrick's]], [[Saint Joseph the Worker Catholic Church (Dubuque)|Saint Joseph the Worker]], Resurrection, Saint Columbkille's, and Saint Anthony's.

Since the 1870s the religious character of the area has been shaped by the Catholic Church. In 2010, Catholic adherents who regularly attended services made up about 53% of Dubuque County residents.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/c/19/rcms2010_19061_county_name_2010.asp |title=Dubuque County, Iowa Religious Traditions, 2010 |publisher=Association of Religion Data Archives |access-date=November 8, 2012 |archive-date=October 11, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131011234639/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/c/19/rcms2010_19061_county_name_2010.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> This contrasts with Iowa as a whole, which was about 17% Catholic in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/19/rcms2010_19_state_name_2010.asp |title=Iowa Religious Traditions, 2010 |publisher=Association of Religion Data Archives |access-date=November 8, 2012 |archive-date=December 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121220091054/http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/r/s/19/rcms2010_19_state_name_2010.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref> In addition to churches, 5 religious colleges, 4 area [[convent]]s, and a nearby [[abbey]] and [[monastery]] add to the city's religious importance. Dubuque is also the headquarters of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dubuque]], which directly administers 1/4 of Iowa's territory for the church, and is the head of the Ecclesiastical Province of Dubuque, the entire state of Iowa.

The city proper is home to 52 different churches (11 Catholic, 40 [[Protestant]], 1 [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]]), 1 Jewish synagogue, and 1 mosque.<ref>[http://ia004.urj.net/ "Temple Beth El."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111070833/http://ia004.urj.net/|date=January 11, 2008}} Retrieved on July 12, 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Churches in Dubuque|url=http://www.usachurch.com/iowa/dubuque/churchSearch.do;jsessionid=3BEED3C836A76EB9641B1D1BF371C09F|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929190957/http://www.usachurch.com/iowa/dubuque/churchSearch.do;jsessionid=3BEED3C836A76EB9641B1D1BF371C09F|archive-date=September 29, 2007|access-date=January 13, 2007|publisher=Churches in USA.com}}</ref> Most of non-Catholic population in the city belongs to various Protestant [[Christian denomination|denominations]]. Dubuque is home to three theological seminaries: [[St. Pius X Seminary (Dubuque, Iowa)|St. Pius X Seminary]], a [[Minor seminary|minor (college) seminary]] for Catholic men discerning a call to ordained [[Priesthood in the Catholic Church|priesthood]], the [[University of Dubuque]] Theological Seminary, with the [[Presbyterian Church (USA)|Presbyterian Church USA]], and the [[Wartburg Theological Seminary]], with the [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in America]]. The latter two institutions train both lay and ordained ministers for placements in churches nationwide.

In 2022 it maintained its strong Catholic presence. Ben Jacobs of ''[[The New Republic]]'' described it as "one of the most Catholic areas in" the United States.<ref name="JacobsBenRepubIowa">{{cite magazine|last=Jacobs|first=Ben|url=https://newrepublic.com:443/article/166775/iowa-red-state-republican-party|title=How Iowa Fell in Love With the Republican Party|magazine=[[The New Republic]]|date=June 28, 2022|accessdate=May 28, 2023}}</ref>