Editing Dry ice (section)

==Safety==
{{further|Carbon dioxide#Toxicity}}
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Prolonged exposure to dry ice can cause severe skin damage through [[frostbite]], and the [[fog]] produced may also hinder attempts to withdraw from contact in a safe manner. Because it sublimes into large quantities of carbon dioxide gas, which could pose a danger of [[hypercapnia]], dry ice should only be exposed to open air in a well-ventilated environment.<ref name=PM169 /> For this reason, in the context of laboratory safety dry ice is assigned label precaution {{GHS phrases/inline|P403}}<!--Template adds its own full stop--> Industrial dry ice may contain contaminants that make it unsafe for direct contact with food.<ref>{{cite web |last=dryicepk |date=16 March 2023 |title=Dry Ice: Uses, Hazards, and Safety Precautions |url=https://dryice.pk/dry-ice-uses-safety-precautions/ |access-date=11 April 2023 |website=Dry Ice Pakistan |publisher=[[Emergency Medicine]]}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=March 2020}} Tiny dry ice pellets used in dry ice blast cleaning do not contain oily residues.

Dry ice is assigned a [[UN number]], a code for hazardous substances: [[List of UN numbers 1801 to 1900|UN 1845]].<ref name="Lion Technology-2019">{{Cite web |url=https://www.lion.com/Lion-News/October-2019/How-to-Ship-Dry-Ice-by-Air-with | title=How to Ship Dry Ice by Air |publisher=Lion Technology |date=2019-10-08 |access-date=2022-11-30}}</ref> Dry ice is not classified as a dangerous substance by the [[CLP Regulation|European Union]], or as a hazardous material by the [[United States Department of Transportation]] for ground transportation.<ref name="32008R1272">{{Cite web |title=Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament |url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32008R1272:EN:NOT |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805181030/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32008R1272:en:NOT |archive-date=2009-08-05 |access-date=2009-07-31}}</ref><ref name="Lion Technology-2019" /> However, in the US, it is regulated as a dangerous good when shipped by air or water. [[International Air Transport Association]] (IATA) regulations require specific diamond-shaped black-and white labelling to be placed on the package. The package must have adequate ventilation so that it will not rupture from pressure in the event that the Dry Ice begins to sublime in the packaging.<ref name="Lion Technology-2019" /> The [[Federal Aviation Administration]] in the US allows airline passengers to carry up to {{cvt|2.5|kg}} per person either as [[checked baggage]] or carry-on baggage, when used to refrigerate perishables.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/hazmat_safety/more_info/?hazmat=13|title=Hazardous Materials Information for Passengers|access-date=2009-07-26|publisher=[[Federal Aviation Administration]]|archive-date=2013-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220192133/http://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/hazmat_safety/more_info/?hazmat=13|url-status=live}}</ref>

At least one person has been killed by carbon dioxide gas subliming off dry ice in coolers placed in a car.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.livescience.com/63241-dry-ice-death.html |title=A Woman Died from Dry Ice Fumes. Here's How It Can Happen |first=Rachael |last=Rettner
|work=Live Science |date=August 2, 2018 |access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref> In 2020, three people were killed at a party in Moscow after 25&nbsp;kg of dry ice was dumped in a pool; carbon dioxide is heavier than air, and so can linger near the ground, just above water level.<ref>{{cite web |title=Three die in dry-ice incident at Moscow pool party |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51680049 |website=BBC News |access-date=20 February 2023 |date=29 February 2020}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Dry ice pellet subliming in water.jpg|Dry ice pellet subliming in water, releasing thick white fog
File:UN1845 Dry Ice Label.svg|A [[List of UN numbers 1801 to 1900|UN 1845 label]] for dry ice
</gallery>

===Drink===
Dry ice is sometimes used to give a fog effect to [[cocktail]]s. One bar patron who accidentally ingested pellets from a drink suffered severe burns to his [[esophagus]], [[stomach]], and [[duodenum]], causing permanent problems with eating.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.irwinmitchell.com/news-and-insights/newsandmedia/2017/september/specialist-lawyers-instructed-after-dry-ice-cocktail-leaves-man-with-severe-stomach-burns-jq-624530 |title=Specialist Public Health Lawyers Instructed After Dry Ice Cocktail Drank<!--sic: should be 'drunk'--> at The Alchemist 'Leaves Man With Severe Stomach Burns' |date=19 September 2017 |publisher=Irwin Mitchell |access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.giejournal.org/article/S0016-5107(04)00183-X/fulltext |title=Gastric hypothermic injury caused by accidental ingestion of dry ice: endoscopic features |first1=Wen-Chieh |last1=Li |first2=Sheung-Fat |last2=Ko |first3=Chia-Chang |last3=Tsai |first4=Chin-Tien |last4=Su |first5=Chao-Cheng |last5=Huang |first6=Mao-Meng |last6=Tiao |journal=Gastrointestinal Endoscopy |date=2004 |volume=59 |issue=6 |pages=737–738 |doi=10.1016/S0016-5107(04)00183-X |pmid=15114328 |access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref> Rapid sublimation could cause gas buildup that ruptures digestive organs or suffocation. Products that contain dry ice and prevent it from being accidentally ingested eliminate these risks while producing the desired fog effect.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chillistick.com/dry-ice-faqs.html |title=Chillistick – Frequently Asked Questions |website=Chillistick |access-date=20 August 2023}}</ref>