Editing Demographics of Cyprus (section)

==Immigration==
{{main|Mainland Turks in Northern Cyprus}}
Large-scale demographic changes have been caused since 1964 by the movements of peoples across the island and the later influx of settlers from Turkey to northern Cyprus. According to the 2011 Census there are 170,383 non-citizens living in Cyprus, of whom 106,270 are EU citizens and 64,113 are from third countries. The largest EU groups by nationality are Greeks (29,321), Romanians (23,706) and Bulgarians (18,536). The largest non-EU groups are British (24,046),  Filipinos (9,413), Russians (8,164), Sri Lankans (7,269) and Vietnamese (7,028).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cyprus-mail.com/population-census/greeks-main-group-foreigners-living-island/20120720 |title=Greeks main group of foreigners living on the island - Cyprus Mail |access-date=2012-07-20 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723202524/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/population-census/greeks-main-group-foreigners-living-island/20120720 |archive-date=2012-07-23 }}</ref> There are an estimated 20–25,000 undocumented migrants from third countries also living in the Republic, though migrant rights groups dispute these figures.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cms.horus.be/files/99907/MediaArchive/Events/Study_Visits/KISA%20Intervention.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-20 |archive-date=2013-05-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525195236/http://cms.horus.be/files/99907/MediaArchive/Events/Study_Visits/KISA%20Intervention.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The demographic changes in society have led to some racist incidents,<ref>{{Cite web |title="My girl thought she was going to die" |url=https://archive.cyprus-mail.com/2008/12/21/my-girl-thought-she-was-going-to-die/ |accessdate=11 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title="Why the Republic of Cyprus is institutionally racist" |url=https://archive.cyprus-mail.com/2007/09/23/why-the-republic-of-cyprus-is-institutionally-racist/ |accessdate=11 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Teen says beaten and mocked by police in racist incident – Cyprus Mail |url=https://archive.cyprus-mail.com/2009/03/18/teen-says-beaten-and-mocked-by-police-in-racist-incident/ |access-date= |language=en-GB}}</ref> and the formation of the charity [[KISA (Cypriot organisation)|KISA]] in response.

The demographic character of [[northern Cyprus]] changed after the [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus|Turkish invasion]] in 1974 and especially during the last 10–15 years. TRNC census carried out in April 2006 showed that out of a total population of 256,644 in northern Cyprus, 132,635, or 52%, were Turkish Cypriots in the sense that they were born in Cyprus of at least one Cyprus-born parent (for 120,007 of these both parents were Cyprus-born). In addition, 43,062 so called TRNC citizens (17%) had at least one non-Cypriot Turkish-born parent, 2,334 so called TRNC citizens (1%) had parents born in other countries, 70,525 residents (27%) had Turkish citizenship, and 8,088 (3%) were citizens of other countries (mainly UK, Bulgaria, and Iran).<ref name=TRNC2006/>

Based on these census data, it is estimated that 113,687 northern Cyprus residents, or 44% of the population, are not Turkish Cypriots properly speaking, but are in fact "Turkish immigrants" or "Turkish settlers" from Anatolia. Alternative sources suggest that the Turkish Cypriots in northern Cyprus are today outnumbered by the Turkish settlers,<ref>The Turkish Settlers in Northern Cyprus, www.cyprus-conflict.net, quoting "Fresh Tension for Cyprus: Counting the Newcomers" in ''The New York Times'', January 23, 1991.{{cite web|url=http://www.cyprus-conflict.net/turkish_settlers.htm |title=The Turkish Settlers in Northern Cyprus |access-date=2016-05-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325092512/http://www.cyprus-conflict.net/turkish_settlers.htm |archive-date=2008-03-25 }}</ref> contrary to the picture presented by the 2006 so called TRNC census.

Settlement in northern Cyprus, especially if accompanied by naturalization, is in violation of article 49 of the [[Geneva Conventions]] Protocol of 1977, since the Turkish occupation has been declared illegal by the UN.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Refugees|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|title=Refworld {{!}} Security Council resolution 550 (1984) [Cyprus]|url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3b00f15b24.html|access-date=2021-05-28|website=Refworld|language=en}}</ref> The UN General Assembly have stated the settlement of Turkish mainlanders, "constitute[s] a form of colonialism and attempt to change illegally the demographic structure of Cyprus".<ref name="auto"/> The Republic of Cyprus considers these Turkish immigrants to be "illegal settlers" and does not include them in the population estimates for the entire island published by the Republic of Cyprus Statistical Service.<ref name="2007abstract3">[http://www.pio.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/5B26588F9EB90E4DC225753E003449AF/$file/ABSTRACT_2007.pdf?OpenElement ''Statistical Abstract of the Republic of Cyprus 2007''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215015643/https://www.pio.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/5B26588F9EB90E4DC225753E003449AF/$file/ABSTRACT_2007.pdf?OpenElement |date=2022-12-15 }}, Statistical Service of Cyprus, pp. 63–88</ref>