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=== Film and television === {{See also|List of cyberpunk works#Films|List of cyberpunk works#Television and Web Series|Japanese cyberpunk}} The film ''Blade Runner'' (1982) is set in 2019 in a dystopian future in which manufactured beings called [[replicant]]s are slaves used on space colonies and are legal prey on Earth to various bounty hunters who "retire" (kill) them. Although ''Blade Runner'' was largely unsuccessful in its first theatrical release, it found a viewership in the home video market and became a [[cult film]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Kerman |first=Judith |title=Retrofitting Blade Runner: Issues in Ridley Scott's Blade Runner and Philip K. Dick's Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HAma4m3w38EC&pg=PA132 |publisher=Popular Press |year=1997 |page=132 |isbn=978-0-87972-510-5}}</ref> Since the movie omits the religious and mythical elements of Dick's original novel (e.g. empathy boxes and Wilbur Mercer), it falls more strictly within the cyberpunk genre than the novel does. William Gibson later revealed that upon first viewing the film, he was surprised at how the look of this film matched his vision for ''Neuromancer'', a book he was then working on. The film's tone has since been the staple of many cyberpunk movies, such as ''[[The Matrix (franchise)|The Matrix trilogy]]'' (1999β2003), which uses a wide variety of cyberpunk elements. A sequel to ''Blade Runner'' was released in 2017. The TV series ''[[Max Headroom (TV series)|Max Headroom]]'' (1987) is an iconic cyberpunk work, taking place in a futuristic dystopia ruled by an oligarchy of television networks. Computer hacking played a central role in many of the story lines. ''Max Headroom'' has been called "the first cyberpunk television series".<ref name="Hague" /> The number of films in the genre has grown steadily since ''Blade Runner''. Several of Philip K. Dick's works have been adapted to the silver screen. The films ''[[Johnny Mnemonic (film)|Johnny Mnemonic]]''<ref name="ctheory1" /> (1995) and ''[[New Rose Hotel (film)|New Rose Hotel]]''<ref name="dvdverdict2000" /><ref name="nytimes1999" /> (1998), both based on short stories by William Gibson, flopped commercially and critically. Other cyberpunk films include ''[[RoboCop]]'' (1987), ''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'' (1990), ''[[Hardware (film)|Hardware]]'' (1990), ''[[The Lawnmower Man (film)|The Lawnmower Man]]'' (1992), ''[[12 Monkeys (film)|12 Monkeys]]'' (1995), ''[[Hackers (film)|Hackers]]'' (1995), and ''[[Strange Days (film)|Strange Days]]'' (1995). Some cyberpunk films have been described as [[tech-noir]], a hybrid genre combining [[neo-noir]] and science fiction or cyberpunk.
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