Editing Controlled Substances Act (section)

===Schedule IV===
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{{Main|List of Schedule IV drugs (US)}}

Placement on schedules; findings required
Schedule IV substances are those that have the following findings:
{{blockquote|1=
{{ordered list|type=A
 |The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III
 |The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States
 |Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III<ref name="cornell1"/>
}}}}

Control measures are similar to Schedule III. Prescriptions for Schedule IV drugs may be refilled up to five times within a six-month period. A prescription for controlled substances in Schedules III, IV, and V issued by a practitioner, may be communicated either orally, in writing, electronically transmitted or by facsimile to the pharmacist, and may be refilled if so authorized on the prescription or by call-in.<ref name="deadiversion.usdoj.gov"/>

Drugs in this schedule include:
* [[Benzodiazepine]]s, such as [[alprazolam]] (Xanax), [[chlordiazepoxide]] (Librium), [[clonazepam]] (Klonopin), [[diazepam]] (Valium), [[midazolam]] (Versed), and [[Lorazepam]] (Ativan), as well as:
** [[temazepam]] (Restoril) (some states require specially coded prescriptions for [[temazepam]])
** [[flunitrazepam]] (Rohypnol) (flunitrazepam is not FDA approved making it an illegal drug in the United States)
** [[oxazepam]] (Serax, Serepax, Seresta, Alepam, Opamox, Oxamin)
* The [[Nonbenzodiazepine|benzodiazepine-like]] [[Z-drug]]s: [[zolpidem]] (Ambien), [[zopiclone]] (Imovane), [[eszopiclone]] (Lunesta), and [[zaleplon]] (Sonata) (zopiclone is not commercially available in the U.S.)
* [[Chloral hydrate]], a sedative-hypnotic
* Long-acting [[barbiturates]] such as [[phenobarbital]]
* Some partial [[agonist]] opioid analgesics, such as [[pentazocine]] (Talwin)
* The [[eugeroic]] drug [[modafinil]] (sold in the U.S. as Provigil) as well as its ''(R)''-enantiomer [[armodafinil]] (sold in the U.S. as Nuvigil)
* [[Difenoxin]], an [[antidiarrheal]] drug, when combined with atropine (such as Motofen) (difenoxin is 2–3 times more potent than [[diphenoxylate]], the active ingredient in [[Lomotil]], which is in Schedule V)
* [[Tramadol]] (Ultram), an opioid analgesic
*  [[Carisoprodol]] (Soma) has become a Schedule IV medication as of January 11, 2012<ref>[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 238 (Monday, December 12, 2011)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 77330-77360]</ref>
* [[Suvorexant]] and [[Lemborexant]], [[Hypocretin (orexin) receptor 1|orexinergic]] sedatives

{{Anchor|Schedule V drugs}}