Editing Clara Schumann (section)

=== Concert tours ===
Clara Schumann first toured England in April 1856, while her husband was still living but unable to travel. She was invited to play in a [[Royal Philharmonic Society|London Philharmonic Society]]{{efn|The ''Philharmonic Society of London'' had been formed in 1813. In 1912, it became the ''Royal Philharmonic Society''.}} concert by conductor [[William Sterndale Bennett]], a good friend of Robert's.{{sfn|Litzmann Bio|1913|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yit8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT131 v. 2 p. 131]}} She was displeased with the little time spent on rehearsals: "They call it a rehearsal here if a piece is played through once." She wrote that musical "artists" in England "allow themselves to be treated as inferiors."{{sfn|Litzmann Bio|1913|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yit8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT133 v. 2 p. 133]}} She was happy, though, to hear the cellist [[Carlo Alfredo Piatti|Alfredo Piatti]] play with "a tone, a bravura, a certainty, such as I never heard before". In May 1856, she played Robert Schumann's [[Piano Concerto (Schumann)|Piano Concerto in A minor]] with the [[New Philharmonic Society]]{{efn|The New Philharmonic Society began operating in 1852 with Dr. Wylde as co-founder: ''A Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', Ed. George Grove, vol. 2, 1900, MacMillan, London, in Wikisource; article ''New Philharmonic Society, The'' by George Grove. The New Philharmonic ceased giving concerts in June 1879.}} conducted by Dr Wylde, who as she said had "led a dreadful rehearsal" and "could not grasp the rhythm of the last movement".{{sfn|Litzmann Bio|1913|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yit8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT133 v. 2 p. 133]}} Still, she returned to London the following year and continued to perform in Britain for the next 15 years.{{sfn|Reich Book|2001|p=267}}

[[File:Adolph von Menzel - Joseph Joachim + Clara Schumann (Zeichnung 1854).jpg|thumb|alt=A violinist and a pianist playing, with her sitting at the piano partly shown on the right, while he plays towards the left, more in the foreground|Joseph Joachim and Schumann, after a lost 1854 drawing by [[Adolph Menzel]]]]

In October–November 1857, Schumann and Joachim went on a recital tour to Dresden and Leipzig.{{sfn|Litzmann Bio|1913|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yit8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT3152 v. 2 p. 152]}} [[St. James's Hall]] in London, which opened in 1858, hosted a series of "[[Popular Concerts]]" of chamber music.{{efn|Some printed programs have been preserved in Arts & Humanities Research Council ''Concert Programmes'', St. James's Hall Concerts (1867–1904)}} Joachim visited London annually beginning in 1866.{{sfn|Avins Article|2002|p=637}} Schumann also spent many years in London participating in the Popular Concerts with Joachim and the celebrated Italian cellist [[Carlo Alfredo Piatti]]. Second violinist [[Louis Ries]] (nephew of composer Ferdinand Ries) and violist [[J. B. Zerbini]] usually played on the same concert programs. [[George Bernard Shaw]], the leading playwright and also a music critic, wrote that the Popular Concerts helped greatly to spread and enlighten musical taste in England.{{sfn|Shaw|1937|p=297}}

In January 1867, Schumann toured [[Edinburgh]] and [[Glasgow]], Scotland, along with Joachim, Piatti, Ries, and Zerbini. Two sisters, [[Louisa Pyne|Louisa and Susanna Pyne]], singers and managers of an opera company in England, and a man named Saunders, made all the arrangements. She was accompanied by her oldest daughter Marie, who wrote from Manchester to her friend Rosalie Leser that in Edinburgh the pianist "was received with tempestuous applause and had to give an encore, so had Joachim. Piatti, too, is always tremendously liked."{{sfn|Litzmann Bio|1913|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Yit8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT249 v. 2 pp. 249–50]}} Marie also wrote: "For the longer journeys we had a saloon [car], comfortably furnished with arm-chairs and sofas... the journey ... was very comfortable." On this occasion, the musicians were not "treated as inferiors".{{sfn|Litzmann Bio|1913|loc=[https://books.google.com/books?id=JbY0AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA250 v. 2 p. 250]}}