Editing China (section)

==== Ming ====
In the early Ming dynasty, China's capital was moved from [[Nanjing]] to Beijing. With the budding of capitalism, philosophers such as [[Wang Yangming]] critiqued and expanded Neo-Confucianism with concepts of [[individualism]] and equality of [[four occupations]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Wang Yangming (1472–1529) |encyclopedia=Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy |url=https://www.iep.utm.edu/wangyang/ |access-date=9 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109100108/http://www.iep.utm.edu/wangyang/ |archive-date=9 November 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[scholar-official]] stratum became a supporting force of industry and commerce in the tax boycott movements, which, together with the famines and defense against [[Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)]] and [[Later Jin (1616–1636)|Later Jin]] incursions led to an exhausted treasury.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://www.docin.com/p-378667223.html |date=8 April 2012 |script-title=zh:论明末士人阶层与资本主义萌芽的关系 |access-date=2 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909195232/http://www.docin.com/p-378667223.html |archive-date=9 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1644, Beijing was captured by a coalition of [[Late Ming peasant rebellions|peasant rebel]] forces led by [[Li Zicheng]]. The [[Chongzhen Emperor]] committed suicide when the city fell. The Manchu [[Qing dynasty]], then allied with Ming dynasty general [[Wu Sangui]], overthrew Li's short-lived [[Shun dynasty]] and subsequently seized control of Beijing, which became the new capital of the Qing dynasty.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Qing dynasty |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Qing-dynasty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309212209/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Qing-dynasty |archive-date=9 March 2018 |access-date=10 November 2022 |website=Britannica}}</ref>