Editing Cappadocia (section)

===Turkish Cappadocia===

Following the [[Battle of Manzikert]] in 1071, various [[Turkish people|Turkish]] [[clans]] under the leadership of the [[Seljuk dynasty|Seljuks]] began settling in [[Anatolia]]. With the rise of Turkish power in Anatolia, Cappadocia slowly became a tributary to the Turkish states that were established to the east and to the west; some of the native population converted to Islam<ref name="DH in Asia Minor">{{cite book|last=Vryonis|first=Speros|year=1971|title=The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century|location=Berkeley, CA|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-52-001597-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wBpIAAAAMAAJ}}</ref> with the rest forming the remaining [[Cappadocian Greeks|Cappadocian Greek]] population. By the end of the early 12th century, [[Anatolian Seljuks]] had established their sole dominance over the region. With the decline and the fall of the [[Konya]]-based Seljuks in the second half of the 13th century, they were gradually replaced by successive Turkic ruled states: the [[Karaman]]-based [[Bey]]lik of [[Karamanids|Karaman]] and then the [[Ottoman Empire]]. Cappadocia remained part of the Ottoman Empire until 1922, when it became part of the modern state of [[History of Turkey|Turkey]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}}

A fundamental change occurred in between when a new urban center, [[Nevşehir]], was founded in the early 18th century by a [[grand vizier]] who was a native of the locality ([[Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha]]), to serve as regional capital, a role the city continues to assume to this day. In the meantime many former Cappadocians had shifted to a Turkish dialect (written in [[Greek alphabet]], ''[[Karamanli Turkish|Karamanlıca]]''), and where the [[Greek language]] was maintained (Sille, villages near Kayseri, Pharasa town and other nearby villages), it became heavily influenced by the surrounding Turkish. This dialect of [[Rûm|Eastern Roman]] Greek is known as ''[[Cappadocian Greek]]''. Following the foundation of Turkey in 1922, those who still identified with this pre-Islamic culture of Cappadocia were [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey|required to leave]], so this language is now only spoken by a handful of their descendants, most now located in modern Greece.{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}}