Editing Bonobo (section)

=== Diet ===
[[File:Les bonobos utilisent certaines feuilles aux vertus pharmacologique contre leurs parasites intestinaux.jpg|thumb|Folivory: bonobos use certain species for self-medication]]
The bonobo is an [[omnivorous]] [[frugivore]]; 57% of its diet is fruit, but this is supplemented with leaves, honey, eggs,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/entry/bonobo|vauthors=Lang KC|title=Bonobo: ''Pan paniscus''|year=2011|publisher=National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin – Madison|access-date=2005-11-08|archive-date=2006-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060301215912/http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/entry/bonobo|url-status=live}}</ref> meat from small [[vertebrates]] such as [[anomalure]]s, [[flying squirrel]]s and [[duiker]]s,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ihobe H |title=Observations on the meat-eating behavior of wild bonobos (''Pan paniscus'') at Wamba, Republic of Zaire |journal=[[Primates (journal)|Primates]] |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=247–250|year=1992 |doi=10.1007/BF02382754|s2cid=10063791 }}</ref> and [[invertebrates]].<ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Rafert J, Vineberg EO | year = 1997 | url = http://www.nagonline.net/HUSBANDRY/Diets_pdf/Bonobo_Nutrition.pdf | title = Bonobo Nutrition – relation of captive diet to wild diet | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120425232556/http://www.nagonline.net/HUSBANDRY/Diets_pdf/Bonobo_Nutrition.pdf | archive-date=2012-04-25}}" ''Bonobo Husbandry Manual'', American Association of Zoos and Aquariums</ref> The truffle species ''[[Hysterangium bonobo]]'' is eaten by bonobos.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Elliott |first1=Todd F. |last2=Georgiev |first2=Alexander V. |last3=Lokasola |first3=Albert Lotana |last4=Smith |first4=Matthew E. |title=Hysterangium bonobo: A newly described truffle species that is eaten by bonobos in the Democratic Republic of Congo |url=https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/files/35024619/Elliott_et_al._2020_Hysterangium_bonobo_REV2.pdf |journal=Mycologia |date=4 September 2020 |volume=112 |issue=6 |pages=1203–1211 |doi=10.1080/00275514.2020.1790234 |pmid=32886571 |s2cid=221503207 |access-date=7 July 2023 |archive-date=7 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707162121/https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/files/35024619/Elliott_et_al._2020_Hysterangium_bonobo_REV2.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In some instances, bonobos have been shown to consume lower-order [[primates]].<ref name=Surbeck>{{cite journal | vauthors = Surbeck M, Fowler A, Deimel C, Hohmann G | title = Evidence for the consumption of arboreal, diurnal primates by bonobos (''Pan paniscus'') | journal = American Journal of Primatology | volume = 71 | issue = 2 | pages = 171–4 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19058132 | doi = 10.1002/ajp.20634 | s2cid = 32622605 }}; {{cite journal | vauthors = Surbeck M, Hohmann G | title = Primate hunting by bonobos at LuiKotale, Salonga National Park | journal = Current Biology | volume = 18 | issue = 19 | pages = R906-7 | date = October 2008 | pmid = 18957233 | doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2008.08.040 | s2cid = 6708310 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2008CBio...18.R906S }}</ref> Some claim bonobos have also been known to practise cannibalism in captivity, a claim disputed by others.<ref name="Parker2007">{{cite web | vauthors = Parker I | url = http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/07/30/070730fa_fact_parker?printable=true | work = Our Far-Flung Correspondents | title = Swingers | publisher = The New Yorker | date = 2007-07-30 | access-date = 2011-12-08 | archive-date = 2012-01-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120118060731/http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/07/30/070730fa_fact_parker?printable=true | url-status = live }}</ref><ref name="was-ardi-a-liberal">{{cite news |vauthors=de Waal F |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/frans-de-waal/was-ardi-perhaps-liberal_b_325201.html |title=Was "Ardi" a Liberal? |work=The Huffington Post |date=2009-10-18 |access-date=2009-10-18 |archive-date=2009-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091021121234/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/frans-de-waal/was-ardi-perhaps-liberal_b_325201.html |url-status=live }}</ref> However, at least one confirmed report of cannibalism in the wild of a dead infant was described in 2008.<ref name=bbc>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8487000/8487138.stm|work=BBC News|title=Wild bonobo mother ape eats own infant in DR Congo|date=2010-02-01|vauthors=Walker M|access-date=2010-06-05|archive-date=2010-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100810211034/http://news.bbc.co.uk/earth/hi/earth_news/newsid_8487000/8487138.stm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Callaway E | url = https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18454-hippy-apes-caught-cannibalising-their-young.html | title = Hippy apes caught cannibalising their young | work = New Scientist | date = 1 February 2010 | access-date = 18 April 2013 | archive-date = 1 August 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130801013918/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18454-hippy-apes-caught-cannibalising-their-young.html | url-status = live }}</ref> A 2016 paper reported two more instances of infant cannibalism, although it was not confirmed if infanticide was involved.<ref>Tokuyama, Nahoko, Deborah Lynn Moore, Kirsty Emma Graham, Albert Lokasola, and Takeshi Furuichi. "Cases of maternal cannibalism in wild bonobos (''Pan paniscus'') from two different field sites, Wamba and Kokolopori, Democratic Republic of the Congo." Primates 58, no. 1 (2017): 7–12.</ref>