Editing Board game (section)

===Africa===

In Africa and the Middle East, [[mancala]] is a popular board game archetype with many regional variations.
{{ublist
|'''Egypt'''
:The first complete set of this game was discovered from a [[Thebes, Egypt|Theban tomb]] that dates to the [[13th dynasty]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Metcalfe|first=Tom|date=10 December 2018|title=16 of the Most Interesting Ancient Board and Dice Games|url=https://www.livescience.com/64266-ancient-board-games.html|access-date=23 December 2018|website=Live Science|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203052218/https://www.livescience.com/64266-ancient-board-games.html|archive-date=3 December 2024|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref> [[Hounds and jackals]], another ancient Egyptian board game, appeared around 2000 BC.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hirst|first=K. Kris|title=What? Snakes and Ladders is 4,000 Years Old?|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/50-holes-game-169581|access-date=23 December 2018|website=ThoughtCo.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240220052844/https://www.thoughtco.com/50-holes-game-169581|archive-date=20 February 2024|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=18 November 2018|title=A 4,000-Year-Old Bronze Age Game Called 58 Holes Has Been Discovered in Azerbaijan Rock Shelter|url=http://wsbuzz.com/science/a-4000-year-old-bronze-age-game-called-58-holes-has-been-discovered-in-azerbaijan-rock-shelter|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826203339/https://wsbuzz.com/science/a-4000-year-old-bronze-age-game-called-58-holes-has-been-discovered-in-azerbaijan-rock-shelter|archive-date=26 August 2019|access-date=23 December 2018|website=WSBuzz.com|language=en-US}}</ref> This game, originating {{Circa|2600&nbsp;BC}} – {{Circa|2400&nbsp;BC}} was also popular in [[Mesopotamia]] and the [[Caucasus]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bower|first=Bruce|date=17 December 2018|title=A Bronze Age game called 58 holes was found chiseled into stone in Azerbaijan|url=https://www.sciencenews.org/article/bronze-age-game-found-chiseled-stone-azerbaijan|access-date=23 December 2018|website=Science News|language=en}}</ref> Senet, originating from {{Circa|2600&nbsp;BC}} – {{Circa|2400&nbsp;BC}}, was found in [[Predynastic Egypt|Predynastic]] {{Circa|3500&nbsp;BC}} and [[First dynasty of Egypt|First Dynasty]] {{Circa|3100&nbsp;BC}} burials of Egypt,<ref name="senet_piccone_1980">{{Cite journal|first=Peter A.|last=Piccione|date=July–August 1980|title=In Search of the Meaning of Senet|url=http://www.piccionep.people.cofc.edu/piccione_senet.pdf|url-status=live|journal=Archaeology|pages=55–58|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111125005541/http://piccionep.people.cofc.edu/piccione_senet.pdf|archive-date=25 November 2011|access-date=14 July 2018}}</ref> and pictured in [[fresco]] wall paintings and papyrus in Egyptian tombs, including the tombs of Merknera ({{Circa|3300&nbsp;BC}}–{{Circa|2700&nbsp;BC}} BC)<ref name="senet2">{{Cite web|date=27 April 1998|title=Okno do svita deskovych her|url=http://www.hrejsi.cz/clanky/dama1.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121208220158/http://www.hrejsi.cz/clanky/dama1.html|archive-date=8 December 2012|access-date=12 February 2010|publisher=Hrejsi.cz}}</ref><ref name="Pivotto">{{Cite web|last=Pivotto|first=Carlos|display-authors=etal|title=Detection of Negotiation Profile and Guidance to more Collaborative Approaches through Negotiation Games|url=http://worldcomp-proceedings.com/proc/p2011/EEE3388.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://worldcomp-proceedings.com/proc/p2011/EEE3388.pdf|archive-date=9 October 2022|access-date=2 October 2014}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=February 2023}}{{dubious|date=February 2023}} and Nikauhor and Sekhemhathor ({{Circa|2465&nbsp;BC}}–{{Circa|2389&nbsp;BC}}).<ref name="oldest_met_current(2025)">{{cite web|title=West wall of the chapel of Nikauhor and Sekhemhathor|website=The Metropoletean Museum of Art (www.metmuseum.org)|language=en|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/08.201.2a-g|access-date=7 January 2025|archive-url=https://archive.today/20250106232519/https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/08.201.2a-g|archive-date=6 January 2025|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref> An ancient games from the African region included the predynastic Egyptian board game of [[Mehen (game)|mehen]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Games in ancient Egypt|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt//furniture/games.html|access-date=13 June 2020|website=Digital Egypt for Universities|publisher=University College, London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241202104428/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/digitalegypt//furniture/games.html|archive-date=2 December 2024|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref><ref name="oldest-games_oldest_current(2025)">{{cite web|title=8 Oldest Board Games in the World|website=Oldest (www.oldest.org)|language=en|url=https://www.oldest.org/entertainment/board-games|access-date=6 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008185958/https://www.oldest.org/entertainment/board-games|archive-date=8 October 2024|url-status=live|df=dmy}}</ref>
}}

<gallery mode="packed" heights="160">
File:Game of Hounds and Jackals MET DP264105.jpg|Hounds and jackals ([[Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt|Egypt, 13th Dynasty]])
File:Tropenmuseum Royal Tropical Institute Objectnumber 699-2 Speelbord voor mancala spel.jpg|Mancala board and clay playing pieces
File:Gaming Board Inscribed for Amenhotep III with Separate Sliding Drawer, ca. 1390-1353 B.C.E.,49.56a-b.jpg|Senet set inscribed with the [[Horus name]] of [[Amenhotep III]] ({{r.}} 1391–1353 BC)
</gallery>