Editing Astana (section)

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations|1897|9688|1926|12781|1939|33209|1959|102276|1970|179514|1979|233638|1989|277365|1999|312965|2009|613006|2021|1234042|source=<ref>{{cite web|title=(USSR) Urban population of the union republics, and their territorial units|url=https://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/census.php}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cities & towns of Kazakhstan|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/kazakhstan-cities.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Results of the National Population Census 2021
|url=https://stat.gov.kz/en/national/2021/|publisher=Bureau of National Statistics (Kazakhstan)}}</ref>}}

As of January 2025, the population of Astana is 1,528,703;<ref name="stat.gov.kz">{{cite web|url=https://stat.gov.kz/ru/industries/social-statistics/demography/publications/281562/|url-status=dead|title=Archived copy|access-date=8 May 2020|archive-date=26 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726100426/https://stat.gov.kz/region/268012?lang=en}}</ref> more than double the 2002 population of 493,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2009/0389/analit07.php|title=Население Астаны|website=www.demoscope.ru|access-date=2017-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113032320/http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2009/0389/analit07.php|archive-date=13 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

As of 2025, ethnic [[Kazakhs]] made up 82.3% of the city population, representing a significant increase from only 17% at the time of the country's independence.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lillis|first=Joanna|url=https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2019/03/dark-shadows-inside-the-secret-world-of-kazakhstan.html|title=Dark Shadows: Inside the Secret World of Kazakhstan|access-date=25 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322144916/https://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2019/03/dark-shadows-inside-the-secret-world-of-kazakhstan.html|archive-date=22 March 2019|url-status=dead|date=20 March 2019}}</ref><ref>https://stat.gov.kz/api/iblock/element/336994/file/ru/</ref>

Ethnic groups (2025):<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stat.gov.kz/api/getFile/?docId=ESTAT355258 |title=Численность населения Республики Казахстан по отдельным этносам на начало 2025 года |publisher=Stat.kz |access-date=3 August 2020 |archive-date=27 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527204929/https://www.stat.gov.kz/api/getFile/?docId=ESTAT355258 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]]: 82.3%
*[[Russians in Kazakhstan|Russian]]: 8.6%
*[[Ukrainians in Kazakhstan|Ukrainian]]: 1.4%
*[[Ethnic demography of Kazakhstan|Tatar]]: 1%
*[[Ethnic demography of Kazakhstan|Uzbek]]: 0.6%
* Others: 6%

In 1989, Tselinograd had a population of 281,000. The ethnic mix was about 17.7% [[Kazakhs|Kazakh]], 54.1% [[Russians|Russian]] and 28.2% other ethnic groups.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.angelfire.com/rnb/bashiri/Astana/Astana.html |title=Astana |publisher=Angelfire.com |access-date=21 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108032824/http://www.angelfire.com/rnb/bashiri/Astana/Astana.html |archive-date=8 November 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

By 2007, Astana's population had more than doubled since becoming the capital, to over 600,000, and it topped 1 million in 2017. Migrant workers—legal and illegal—have been attracted from across Kazakhstan and neighbouring states such as Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, and Astana is a magnet for young professionals seeking to build a career.<ref name="eurasianet.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav070907.shtml |title=Kazakhstan's Capital Holds a Lavish Anniversary Celebration |publisher=EurasiaNet.org |date=9 July 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013185417/http://eurasianet.org/departments/insight/articles/eav070907.shtml |archive-date=13 October 2007 |access-date=9 July 2007}}</ref> Most of the immigrants in Astana are Russian.

=== Religion ===
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Astana (2021)<ref name="census2021">{{cite web |url=https://stat.gov.kz/api/getFile/?docId=ESTAT464825 |title=2021 жылғы Қазақстан Республикасы халқының ұлттық санағының қорытындылары |trans-title=Results of the 2021 national census of the Republic of Kazakhstan |access-date=11 March 2023 |archive-date=2 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220902140633/https://stat.gov.kz/api/getFile/?docId=ESTAT464825 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Kazakhstan|Islam]]|green|78.48}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Kazakhstan|Christianity]]|purple|10.99}}
{{bar percent|Other religions|red|0.30}}
{{bar percent|[[Irreligion in Kazakhstan|Atheism]]|lightgrey|2.31}}
{{bar percent|Undeclared|darkgrey|7.92}}
}}
[[Islam]] and [[Christianity]] (primarily [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodoxy]], [[Roman Catholicism]], and [[Protestantism]]) are the predominant religions of the city. Other religions practiced are [[Judaism]], [[Lutheranism]], and [[Buddhism]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.astana-hotels.net/astana/religion.htm|title=Religion in Astana - Astana|website=www.astana-hotels.net|access-date=2017-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101140945/http://www.astana-hotels.net/astana/religion.htm|archive-date=1 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Grand Mosque in Astana, Kazakhstan.jpg|thumb|[[Astana Grand Mosque]] is the largest mosque in Central Asia]]

The [[Palace of Peace and Reconciliation]] was specially constructed in 2006 to host the Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions. It contains accommodations for different religions: Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, [[Hinduism]], [[Taoism]] and other faiths.

[[Astana Grand Mosque|Central Asia's largest mosque]], as well as [[Beit Rachel Synagogue, Astana|Central Asia's largest synagogue]] are found in Astana.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Khangerey |first=Alua |date=2022-08-12 |title=Largest Mosque in Central Asia Opens in Nur-Sultan |work=The Qazaqstan Monitor |url=https://qazmonitor.com/news/709/largest-mosque-in-central-asia-opens-in-nur-sultan}}</ref>

===Metropolitan area===
The metropolitan area centered upon Astana includes the [[Arshaly District|Arshaly]], [[Shortandy District|Shortandy]], [[Tselinograd District|Tselinograd]] and (partially) [[Akkol District|Akkol]] districts of [[Akmola Region]]. The area contains 1.2 million people.<ref name="informburo">{{cite web|last1=Жулмухаметова|first1=Жадра|title=Чиновники работают над тем, чтобы уместить в Астане два миллиона человек|url=https://informburo.kz/novosti/chinovniki-rabotayut-nad-tem-chtoby-umestit-v-astane-dva-milliona-chelovek.html|language=ru|date=31 October 2017|access-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116035031/https://informburo.kz/novosti/chinovniki-rabotayut-nad-tem-chtoby-umestit-v-astane-dva-milliona-chelovek.html|archive-date=16 November 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>