Editing 31st Infantry Regiment (United States) (section)

==War on Terror==
In September and October 2001, the Polar Bears were once again called to arms to participate in the nation's [[War on terror]]. From Maryland to Kuwait, Qatar and Uzbekistan the 31st protected American forces and facilities from terrorist attack. As America and its coalition partners struck back, the Polar Bears of A Company redeployed from Kuwait to Afghanistan. C Company and 4th Battalion Commander joined A Company for combat operations in Afghanistan, fighting in the Shah-I-Kowt Valley region and successfully eliminating it as a safe haven for international terrorism. In April 2002, the Polar Bears returned to Fort Drum, and in 2003 roughly 300 soldiers from the 4–31st deployed to [[Djibouti]], B company to Iraq, and A Company to Camp Phoenix outside Kabul, Afghanistan in support of CJTF-HOA as TF 4–31. Company C was one of the units identified as having deployed.

C Company, 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment, conducted the various training exercises in July 2003, while in Djibouti including known distance ranges, both in Djibouti and [[Ethiopia]]; reflexive fire ranges, both in Djibouti and Ethiopia; AK-47 range for familiarization of the weapon system; familiarization ranges for shotguns and 9&nbsp;mm pistols; external sling load training with Heavy Marine Helicopter Company ([[HMH-461]]) both day and night iterations to help certify them; its mortar platoon underwent training on the mortar ballistic computer and the [[plotting board]] to further their proficiency. They also conducted military to military training in [[Hurso]] and provided a security mission in the capital [[Addis Ababa]].

In March 2003, B Company, 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom in order to conduct base defense and combat operations for (combined joint special operations task force-AP) CJSOTF- Arabian Peninsula. May 2003, C/4-31 and the battalion's Mortar Platoon deployed to the Horn of Africa to conduct operations in Djibouti and Ethiopia in support of Operation Enduring Freedom for CJTF Horn of Africa.  A/4-31 and HHC/4-31 deployed to Camp Phoenix in Kabul, Afghanistan to conduct security operations for CJTF-Phoenix which was training the Afghan National Army (ANA). Select members of the battalion were also designated as trainers for the ANA.

In May 2004, the Polar Bears again deployed with the 2nd BCT in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Upon completion of training at Kuwait, the task force assumed responsibility for conducting combat operations in the Taji, Saba al Boor, Al Rasheed, Kadhamiya, Abu Ghraib, and Yusufiyah districts of Baghdad. The most significant event for the battalion was during the first ever Iraqi national elections, when TF 4–31 provided polling centers in the Kadhamiya area with security and other force protection measures. The battalion was then called upon to secure the Abu Ghraib Internment Facility from attacks. Before redeployment the battalion conducted task force level air assaults and raids in enemy strongholds south of Baghdad. TF 4–31 returned to Fort Drum in June 2005, where they continued to train and prepare for the next call to battle.

[[File:10th Mountain Searches for Soldiers.jpg|thumb|A soldier from Company C, 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment, prepares to perform a foot patrol in [[Yusufiyah]], Iraq, in support of locating three kidnapped U.S. soldiers]]
Task Force 4–31 deployed again to Iraq for 15 months, beginning 16 August 2006. The 809 member task force was their brigade's main effort and was given the daunting task of establishing the first permanent coalition force presence in the Sunni region south of Baghdad frequently referred to as [[Triangle_of_Death_(Iraq)|"The Sunni Triangle of Death"]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna6530940|title='Triangle of death' south of Baghdad|website=NBC News|language=en-US|date=2004-11-19}}</ref> Working daily with their sister Iraqi Army battalion to re-establish the rule of law and the legitimacy of local Iraqi forces to the area, Task Force 4–31 became a model vehicle of contemporary counterinsurgency theory and practice.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD1019972|title=Polar Bears in the Desert: A Case Study of the Operational and Strategic Impacts of the Iraq Surge on Tactical Units|website=Defense Technical Information Center|language=en-US|date=2016-06-10}}</ref> They established six patrol bases, 17 battle positions, assisted the Iraqi Army in the establishment of many more. They conducted over 50 air assaults and three amphibious operations, and fired nearly 400 counter-fire artillery missions against enemy forces and in support of troops in contact. TF 4–31 killed or wounded 51 insurgents and captured 148, while aiding the Iraqi Army in the capture of over 1,500 additional insurgents. While actively hunting insurgents, the soldiers of TF 4–31 set about improving the community, aiding in the improvement of schools, roads, irrigation canals, community centers, and emplacing solar power streetlights.

Task Force 4–31 suffered 28 soldiers killed in action. Five of those soldiers, all belonging to D/4-31, were killed on 12 May 2007 when their observation post was [[May 2007 abduction of U.S. soldiers in Iraq|attacked by insurgents in a pre-dawn raid]]. Two additional soldiers at that position, SGT Alex Jimenez and PFC Byron Fouty, were captured during that attack and were missing until July 2008. The Polar Bears earned two Silver Stars and the battalion was awarded a Valorous Unit Award. Task Force 4–31 returned to Fort Drum in November 2007. In October 2009 TF 4–31 returned to Iraq for an 8-month deployment.

4–31 IN returned to Fort Drum at the end of June 2010 in accordance with President Obama's pledge that all combat troops would be out of Iraq by the end of August.

In 2015, 4–31 was deployed to Afghanistan and was spread to 13 different Forward Operating Bases where they advised local police and military forces.  They returned home in February 2016.<ref>[https://www.nny360.com/news/drum-s-st-infantry-celebrates-a-century/article_7d0b13e1-f185-55f6-90da-ed51dc76a80b.html Drum's 31st Infantry celebrates a century]</ref>

In 2018, 4-31 IN deployed again to Afghanistan for 9 months, spreading out across the country as the Theatre Response Force. They returned home in July 2019. 

The battalion was on deployment in Afghanistan as [[Operation Allies Refuge]] began in 2021. The battalion was protecting the Kabul [[2021 evacuation from Afghanistan]] in August 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wwnytv.com/2021/08/26/some-veterans-angered-by-events-afghanistan/|title=Some veterans angered by events in Afghanistan|date=26 August 2021 }}</ref>

In 2023, 4-31 IN deployed again to the CENTCOM Area of Operations (AOR), spreading out in several countries (Iraq, Kuwait, Jordan, and more).