Editing 20 July plot (section)

=== Previous failed attempts ===
{{Main|Operation Spark (1941)|List of assassination attempts on Adolf Hitler}}
During 1943 and early 1944 von Tresckow and von Stauffenberg organised at least five attempts to get one of the military conspirators near enough to Hitler, for long enough to kill him with hand grenades, bombs, or a revolver:
* 13 March 1943 by [[Henning von Tresckow#Plots against Hitler|von Tresckow]]<ref name="Attempts">{{cite web |url=https://www.history.com/news/6-assassination-attempts-on-adolf-hitler |title=6 Assassination Attempts on Adolf Hitler |last=Andrews |first=Evan |date=April 29, 2015 |website=History.com |access-date=March 7, 2021 |archive-date=7 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307140552/https://www.history.com/news/6-assassination-attempts-on-adolf-hitler |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Many Attempts">{{cite web |url=https://www.history.co.uk/article/killing-hitler-the-many-assassination-attempts-on-adolf-hitler |title=Killing Hitler: The Many Assassination Attempts on Adolf Hitler |website=History.uk |access-date=March 7, 2021 |archive-date=26 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226121743/https://www.history.co.uk/article/killing-hitler-the-many-assassination-attempts-on-adolf-hitler |url-status=live }}</ref>
* 21 March 1943 by [[Rudolf Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff]]<ref name="Attempts" /><ref name="Many Attempts" />
* late November 1943 by [[Axel Freiherr von dem Bussche-Streithorst]]<ref name="Many Attempts" />
* February 1944 by [[Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin]]
* 11 March 1944 by [[Eberhard von Breitenbuch|Eberhard Freiherr von Breitenbuch]]

As the war situation deteriorated, Hitler no longer appeared in public and rarely visited Berlin. He spent most of his time at his headquarters at the {{lang|de|[[Wolfsschanze]]}} near [[Rastenburg]] in [[East Prussia]], with occasional breaks at his [[Bavaria]]n mountain retreat [[Obersalzberg]] near [[Berchtesgaden]]. In both places, he was heavily guarded and rarely saw people he did not know or trust. [[Himmler]] and the Gestapo were increasingly suspicious of plots against Hitler and rightly suspected the officers of the General Staff, which was indeed the source of many conspiracies against him.