Editing 1638 (section)

=== July–September ===
* [[July 10]] – [[David Teniers III]], Flemish painter (d. [[1685]])
* [[July 11]] – [[Olympia Mancini]], French courtier (d. [[1708]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Giovanni Buonaventura Viviani]], Italian composer (d. [[1693]])
* [[July 20]] – [[Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve]], leading Norwegian general during the Scanian War (d. [[1704]])
* [[July 25]] – [[Cristobal of Saint Catherine]], Spanish Catholic priest (d. [[1690]])
* [[August 3]] – [[William Louis, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen]] (1650–1665) (d. [[1665]])
* [[August 6]] – [[Nicolas Malebranche]], French philosopher (d. [[1715]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Nadler | first = Steven | title = The Cambridge companion to Malebranche | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge England New York | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780521627290 | page=2 | language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 7]] – [[John Tufton, 4th Earl of Thanet]], English politician (d. [[1680]])
* [[August 13]] – [[Durgadas Rathore]], Indian ruler (d. [[1718]])
* [[August 15]] – [[Pieter de Graeff]], Dutch politician and noble (d. [[1707]])
* [[August 22]] – [[Georg Christoph Eimmart]], German engraver (d. [[1705]])
* [[September 5]] – King [[Louis XIV of France]], King of France from 1643 until his death (d. [[1715]])<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC - History - Historic Figures: Louis XIV (1638-1715) |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/louis_xiv.shtml |website=www.bbc.co.uk |access-date=9 June 2022}}</ref>
* [[September 10]] – [[Maria Theresa of Spain]], queen consort of [[Louis XIV of France]] (d. [[1683]])
* [[September 19]] – [[Isaac Milles]], English minister (d. [[1720]])
* [[September 20]] – [[Antonio Gherardi]], Italian painter (d. [[1702]])
* [[September 21]] – [[Philippe de Courcillon]], French officer and author (d. [[1720]])
* [[September 30]] – [[Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus, Duke of Bavaria-Leuchtenberg]], German nobleman (d. [[1705]])