Editing Zheng He (section)

==Early life and family==
Zheng was born Ma He to a Muslim family of [[Kunyang Subdistrict|Kunyang]], [[Kunming]], Yunnan, then under the rule of the [[Basalawarmi|Principality of Liang]] loyal to the [[Northern Yuan]] dynasty.{{sfnm|Dreyer|2007|1pp=11, 148|Mills|1970|2p=5|Ray|1987|3p=66|Levathes|1996|4p=61}} He had an older brother and four sisters.{{sfnm|Dreyer|2007|1p=11|Mills|1970|2p=5|Levathes|1996|3p=62|Perkins|2000|4p=621}} The Liujiagang and Changle inscriptions suggest that devotion to [[Mazu (goddess)|Tianfei]], the patron goddess of sailors and seafarers, was the dominant faith to which he adhered, reflecting the goddess's central role to the [[Chinese treasure fleet|treasure fleet]].{{sfn|Dreyer|2007|pp=148, 150|loc="The inscriptions [...] devotion to Tianfei, the goddess of seafarers, had become the dominant strand in his eclectic religious heritage."}} John Guy mentions, "When Zheng He, the Muslim eunuch leader of the great expeditions to the 'Western Ocean' (Indian Ocean) in the early fifteenth century, embarked on his voyages, it was from the Divine Woman that he sought protection, as well as at the tombs of the Muslim saints on Lingshan Hill, above the city of Quanzhou."<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nCIPD1V39QkC&pg=PA163|chapter=Quanzhou: Cosmopolitan City of Faiths|title=The World of Khubilai Khan: Chinese Art in the Yuan Dynasty|first=John| last=Guy|page=176|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-16656-9|year=2010}}</ref>

Zheng He was a great-great-great-grandson of [[Sayyid Ajjal Shams al-Din Omar]], who served in the administration of the [[Mongol Empire]] and was the [[governor of Yunnan]] during the early [[Yuan dynasty]].<ref>{{cite book| first=Shih-Shan Henry| last=Tsai| title=Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle| publisher=University of Washington Press| year=2002| isbn=978-0-295-98124-6| page=38}} ({{Google books|aU5hBMxNgWQC|restricted online copy|page=38}})</ref><ref>{{cite book| first1=Chunjiang| last1=Fu| first2=Choo Yen| last2=Foo| first3=Yaw Hoong| last3=Siew| title=The great explorer Cheng Ho. Ambassador of peace.| publisher=Asiapac| year=2005| isbn=978-9-812-29410-4| pages=7–8}} ({{Google books|VxJDSA80YcsC|restricted online copy|page=8}})</ref> His great-grandfather Bayan may have been stationed at a Mongol garrison in Yunnan.{{sfn|Mills|1970|p=5}} Zheng He's grandfather carried the title ''[[hajji]]'',{{sfnm|Dreyer|2007|1p=11|Levathes|1996|2pp=61–62}} and his father had the [[sinicization|sinicized]] surname Ma and the title ''hajji'', which suggests that they had made the [[hajj|pilgrimage to Mecca]].{{sfnm|Dreyer|2007|1p=11|Mills|1970|2p=5|Levathes|1996|3pp=61–62}}

In the autumn of 1381, a [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] army invaded and [[Ming conquest of Yunnan|conquered Yunnan]], which was then ruled by the Mongol prince [[Basalawarmi]], Prince of Liang.{{sfn|Dreyer|2007|p=12}} In 1381, Ma Hajji, Zheng He's father, died in the fighting between the Ming armies and Mongol forces.{{sfn|Levathes|1996|p=62}} Dreyer states that Zheng He's father died at 39 while resisting the Ming conquest, while Levathes states that Zheng He's father died at 37, but it is unclear if he was helping the [[Mongol Army]] or was just caught in the onslaught of battle.{{sfn|Dreyer|2007|p=12}}{{sfn|Levathes|1996|p=62}} Wenming, the oldest son, buried their father outside Kunming.{{sfn|Levathes|1996|p=62}} In his capacity as Admiral, Zheng He had an epitaph engraved in honour of his father, composed by the Minister of Rites Li Zhigang on 1 June 1405, which was [[Duanwu Festival]].{{sfn|Levathes|1996|pp=62–63}}