Editing Zakopane (section)

== History ==
[[File:Zakopane....jpg|thumb|left|A postcard of Zakopane from 1916]]

The earliest documents mentioning Zakopane date to the 17th century, describing a [[Glade (geography)|glade]] called ''Zakopisko''. In 1676, it was a village of 43 inhabitants. In 1818, Zakopane was a small town that was still being developed. There were only 340 homes that held 445 families. The population of Zakopane at that time was 1,805: 934 women and 871 men.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/article/zakopane/3,local-history/#footnote_2|title=Local history - Information about the town - Zakopane - Virtual Shtetl|website=www.sztetl.org.pl|language=pl|access-date=2017-05-04}}</ref> The first church was built in 1847, by Józef Stolarczyk.<ref name=":0" />

Zakopane became a center for the region's [[mining]] and [[metallurgy]] industries; by the 19th century, it was the largest center for metallurgy in the region of [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Galicia]]. It expanded during the 19th century as the [[climate]] attracted more inhabitants. By 1889, it had developed from a small village into a climatic [[health resort]]. Rail services to Zakopane began on October 1, 1899. In the late 1800s, Zakopane constructed a road that went to the town of [[Nowy Targ]] and had railways that came from [[Chabówka]].<ref name=":0" /> Because of easier transportation, the population of Zakopane had increased to about 3,000 people by the end of the 1800s.<ref name=":0" /> In the 19th century, Krupówki Street was just a narrow beaten path that was meant for people to get from the central part of town to the village of Kuźnice.

The ski jump on [[Wielka Krokiew]] was opened in 1925.
The cable car to [[Kasprowy Wierch]] was completed in 1936.
The funicular connected Zakopane and the top of [[Gubałówka]] in 1938.

Because of Zakopane's popular ski mountains, the town gained popularity which made the number of tourists increase to about 60,000 people by 1930.<ref name=":0" />

During the joint German-Soviet [[invasion of Poland]], which started [[World War II]] in September 1939, the town was invaded by Germany, and the ''[[Einsatzgruppen|Einsatzgruppe I]]'' entered the town on September 4, 1939, to commit various [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation|crimes against Poles]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|page=58}}</ref> In March 1940, representatives of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[NKVD]] and the [[Nazi]] [[Gestapo]] met for one week in Zakopane's Villa Tadeusz, to [[Gestapo-NKVD Conferences|coordinate the pacification of resistance in Poland]]. Throughout [[World War II]], Zakopane served as an underground staging point between Poland and [[Hungary]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Local history {{!}} Virtual Shtetl |url=https://sztetl.org.pl/en/towns/z/662-zakopane/96-local-history/68095-local-history |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=sztetl.org.pl}}</ref>

From 1942 to 1943, 1,000 prisoners from the German [[List of subcamps of Kraków-Płaszów|Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp]] were set to work in a stone quarry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sztetl.org.pl/pl/article/zakopane/13,miejsca-martyrologii/21317,zakopane-oboz-pracy-przymusowej-na-terenie-kamieniolomow/|title=Zakopane|work=sztetl.org.pl}}</ref> In 1944, during the [[Warsaw Uprising]], the Germans deported thousands of Varsovians from the [[Dulag 121 camp in Pruszków|Dulag 121 camp]] in [[Pruszków]], where they were initially imprisoned, to Zakopane.<ref name=dul>{{cite web|url=http://dulag121.pl/encyklopediaa/transporty-z-obozu-dulag-121/|title=Transporty z obozu Dulag 121|website=Muzeum Dulag 121|accessdate=6 September 2021|language=pl}}</ref> Those Poles were mainly old people, ill people and women with children.<ref name=dul/> In mid-October 1944, there were 3,800 registered Poles, who were [[Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany|expelled]] from [[Warsaw]], and probably another 3,800 unregistered expellees.<ref name=dul/> In January 1945, the Germans retreated from Zakopane and the [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|German occupation]] ended.

Immediately after the war, a children's Home for [[Holocaust Survivors]] was established in Zakopane.<ref>[https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/childrens-survivors-homes/zakopane.asp The Children's Home in Zakopane, Poland: Lena Küchler's Children], [[Yad Vashem]] website</ref>