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==Definitions== Journalism historian W. Joseph Campbell described yellow press newspapers as having daily multi-column front-page headlines covering a variety of topics, such as sports and scandal, using bold layouts (with large illustrations and perhaps color), heavy reliance on unnamed sources, and unabashed self-promotion. The term was extensively used to describe two major New York City newspapers around 1900 as they battled for circulation.<ref name=Campbell>{{cite book|last=Campbell|first=W. Joseph|title=Yellow Journalism: Puncturing the Myths, Defining the Legacies|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=0-275-96686-0|oclc=55648237}}</ref>{{rp|156β160}}<ref> W. Joseph Campbell, "Yellow journalism." ''The international encyclopedia of journalism studies'' (2019): 1-5. [https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118841570.iejs0159 online]</ref> Journalism historian [[Frank Luther Mott]] used five characteristics to identify yellow journalism:<ref>{{cite book |last=Mott |first=Frank Luther |url=https://archive.org/details/americanjournali0000mott/page/539/mode/1up?view=theater |title=American Journalism |publisher=Routledge/Thoemmes Press |year=1941 |isbn=978-0415228947 |pages=539}}</ref> # scare headlines in huge print, often sensationalizing minor news # lavish use of pictures, or imaginary drawings # use of faked interviews, misleading headlines, [[pseudoscience]], and a parade of false learning from so-called experts # emphasis on full-color Sunday supplements, usually with superficial articles and [[comic strips|comics]] # dramatic sympathy with the "underdog" against the system. Another common feature was emphasizing sensationalized crime reporting to boost sales and excite public opinion.<ref>{{cite book|page=32 |title=Skull in the Ashes |last=Kaufman |first=Peter |year=2013 |publisher=University of Iowa Press |isbn=978-1609382131|oclc=830646791}}</ref>
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