Editing Woodwind instrument (section)

==Flutes==
{{Main|Flute}}

Flutes produce sound by directing a focused stream of air across the edge of a hole in a cylindrical tube.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Flute acoustics: an introduction |url=https://newt.phys.unsw.edu.au/jw/fluteacoustics.html |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=newt.phys.unsw.edu.au}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Instruments of the Orchestra Strings Woodwinds Brass Percussion conductor Devin Patrick Hughes |url=https://www.arapahoe-phil.org/instruments-of-the-orchestra |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=Arapahoe Philharmonic |language=en-US}}</ref> The flute family can be divided into two subfamilies: open flutes and closed flutes.<ref>Carroll, Paul "Baroque Woodwind instruments" p. 45. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 1999</ref>

To produce a sound with an open flute, the player is required to blow a stream of air across a sharp edge that then splits the airstream. This split air stream then acts upon the air column contained within the flute's hollow, causing it to vibrate and produce sound.  Examples of open flutes are the [[transverse flute]], [[panpipes]], and [[shakuhachi]].<ref>Carroll, Paul "Baroque Woodwind instruments" p. 45. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 1999.</ref> Ancient flutes of this variety, including [[bamboo flutes]], were often made from tubular sections of plants such as grasses, reeds, bamboo and hollowed-out tree branches. Later, flutes were made of [[metal]]s such as [[tin]], [[copper]], or [[bronze]]. Modern concert flutes are usually made of high-grade [[metal alloy]]s, usually containing [[nickel]], [[silver]], [[copper]], or [[gold]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=San Francisco Symphony - Instrument of the Month: Flute |url=https://www.sfsymphony.org/EducationCommunity/Instrument-of-the-Months/flute |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=San Francisco Symphony |language=en-us}}</ref>

To produce a sound with a closed flute, the player is required to blow air into a duct.  This duct acts as a channel, bringing the air to a sharp edge.  As with the open flutes, the air is then split; this causes the column of air within the closed flute to vibrate and produce sound.  Examples of this type of flute include the [[recorder (instrument)|recorder]], [[ocarina]], and [[organ pipes]].<ref>Carroll, Paul "Baroque Woodwind instruments" p. 45. Aldershot, Hants, England: Ashgate, 1999</ref>