Editing Wojciech Kilar (section)

==Biography==
Kilar was born on 17 July 1932 in [[Lwów]] (then [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]]; since 1945 Lviv in [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|UkrSSR]], now [[Ukraine]]).<ref name="culturepl01"/> His father was a [[gynecologist]] and his mother was a theater actress. Kilar spent most of his life from 1948 in the city of [[Katowice]] in Southern Poland,<ref name="culturepl01"/> married (from April 1966 to November 2007) to Barbara Pomianowska, a pianist.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://adonai.pl/muzyka/?id=39| title = Prywatny sukces Kilara – Muzyka – Adonai.pl<!-- Bot generated title -->}}</ref> Kilar was 22 years old when he met 18-year-old Barbara, his future wife.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.opoka.org.pl/biblioteka/Z/ZF/ZFS/niedziela200952-kilar.html| title = Basia prowadziła mnie do Boga jak Maryja<!-- Bot generated title -->| date = 23 December 2009}}</ref>

===Education===
After studying piano under [[Maria Bilińska-Riegerowa]] and harmony under [[Artur Malawski]], he moved from [[Kraków]] to [[Katowice]] in 1948, where he finished his music middle school in the class of [[Władysława Markiewiczówna]], after which he went to the [[University of Music in Katowice|State College of Music]] (now the Music Academy) in [[Katowice]] where he studied piano and composition under [[Bolesław Woytowicz]], graduating with top honours and the award of a diploma in 1955.<ref name="culturepl01"/><ref name="OffBiog02">{{cite web |url=http://www.wojciechkilar.pl/biografia-2-cz-&lang=en |title=Wojciech Kilar Biography Page 2 |publisher=Wojciech Kilar Official Website|access-date=January 2, 2014|quote=While in Kraków he studied piano with Maria Bilińska-Riegerowa and took private lessons in harmony with Artur Malawski.In 1948 he went to Katowice. There he finished his music middle school in Władysława Markiewiczówna’s class and the State Higher School of Music in the class of Bolesław Woytowicz (piano and composition).}}</ref> He continued his post-graduate studies at the [[Academy of Music in Kraków|State College of Music]] (now the Music Academy) in [[Kraków]] from 1955 to 1958.<ref name="culturepl01"/> In 1957 he took part in the International New Music Summer Course in [[Darmstadt]].<ref name="culturepl01"/> In 1959–60 a French government scholarship enabled him to study composition under [[Nadia Boulanger]] in [[Paris]].<ref name="culturepl01">{{cite web |url=http://culture.pl/en/artist/wojciech-kilar |title=Wojciech Kilar |publisher=[[Adam Mickiewicz Institute]]|access-date=January 2, 2014}}</ref>

===Music career===
[[File:Wojciech Kilar.jpg|thumb|Kilar on 28 October 2005]]
Kilar belonged (together with [[Bolesław Szabelski]], his student [[Henryk Górecki]] and [[Krzysztof Penderecki]]) to the Polish [[Avant-garde music]] movement of the Sixties,<ref name="culture1">{{cite web| url = https://culture.pl/en/artist/wojciech-kilar| title = Wojciech Kilar – Pełna baza wiedzy o muzyce – magazyn Culture.pl – Culture.pl<!-- Bot generated title -->}}</ref> sometimes referred to as the [[Polish School (music)|New Polish School]]. In 1977 Kilar was one of the founding members of the [[Karol Szymanowski]] Society, based in the mountain town of [[Zakopane]]. Kilar chaired the Katowice chapter of the Association of Polish Composers for many years and from 1979 to 1981 was vice chair of this association's national board. He was also a member of the Repertoire Committee for the "Warsaw Autumn" International Festival of Contemporary Music. In 1991 Polish filmmaker [[Krzysztof Zanussi]] made a biographical film about the composer titled ''Wojciech Kilar''.

Having received critical success as a classical composer, Kilar scored his first domestic film in 1959, and went on to write music for some of Poland's most acclaimed directors, including [[Krzysztof Kieślowski]], [[Krzysztof Zanussi]], [[Kazimierz Kutz]] and [[Andrzej Wajda]]. He worked on over 100 titles in his home country, including internationally recognised titles such as ''Bilans Kwartalny'' (1975), ''[[Spirala]]'' (1978), ''[[Constans]]'' (1980), ''Imperativ'' (1982), ''Rok Spokojnego Słońca'' (1984), and ''Życie za Życie'' (1991), plus several others in [[France]] and across other parts of [[Europe]]. He made his [[English-language]] debut with [[Francis Ford Coppola]]'s adaptation of ''[[Dracula (1992 film)|Dracula]]''. His other English language features — [[Roman Polanski]]'s trio ''[[Death and the Maiden (film)|Death and the Maiden]]'' (1994), ''[[The Ninth Gate]]'' (1999) and ''[[The Pianist (2002 film)|The Pianist]]'' (2002), and [[Jane Campion]]'s ''[[The Portrait of a Lady (film)|The Portrait of a Lady]]'' (1996) — were typified by his trademark grinding [[Double bass|bass]]es and [[cellos]], deeply romantic themes and [[minimalism|minimalist]] chord progressions.

In addition to his film work, Kilar continued to write and publish purely classical works, which have included a horn [[sonata]], a piece for a wind quintet, several pieces for chamber orchestra and choir, the acclaimed [[Baltic Canticles]], the epic ''[[Exodus (Kilar)|Exodus]]'' (famous as the trailer music from ''[[Schindler's List]]'' and the main theme of [[Terrence Malick]]'s ''[[Knight of Cups (film)|Knight of Cups]]''), a Concerto for Piano and Orchestra dedicated to [[Peter Jablonski]], and his major work, the ''September Symphony'' (2003).<ref name="culture1"/>

Having abandoned [[Avant-garde music]] technical means almost entirely, he continued to employ a simplified musical language, in which sizable masses of sound serve as a backdrop for highlighted melodies. This occurs in those compositions that reference folk music (especially Polish Highlander [[Gorals]] folk melodies) and in [[patriotism|patriotic]] and religious pieces.

===Illness and death===
During the summer of 2013, Kilar manifested signs of poor health, such as [[fainting]] and elevated [[blood pressure]], but attributed those symptoms to his heart problems. However, in September he fell while on the street. He was admitted to a hospital, where he was diagnosed with a [[brain tumor]], though news of his illness was only publicly released after his death. He underwent a successful surgery to remove the tumor, which caused no serious side–effects; Kilar was very optimistic and continued to work after the operation.<ref name="NW">{{cite news |last=Tomczuk |first=Jacek |date=17 January 2014 |title=Wojciech Kilar i jego muzyka życia |url=http://kultura.newsweek.pl/wojciech-kilar-tworczosc-sylwetka-muzyka-kompozytorzy-muzyka-filmowa-newsweek-pl,artykuly,278197,1.html |newspaper=[[Newsweek Polska]] |access-date=19 January 2013}}</ref> In addition, he underwent [[radiotherapy]] for six weeks, a process which left 81-year-old Kilar physically exhausted.<ref name="idziemy">{{cite news |date=29 December 2013 |title=Od pół roku Kilar zmagał się z nowotworem |url=http://www.idziemy.pl/kultura/od-pol-roku-kilar-zmagal-sie-z-nowotworem/ |newspaper=Tygodnik Idziemy |access-date=13 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=29 December 2013 |title=Joanna Wnuk-Nazarowa o Wojciechu Kilarze: Kochało go Hollywood, pozostał w Katowicach |url=http://katowice.gazeta.pl/katowice/1,35063,15199180,Joanna_Wnuk_Nazarowa_o_Wojciechu_Kilarze__Kochalo.html#ixzz2qJlinWpn |newspaper= Gazeta.pl}}</ref><ref name="JW">{{cite news |last=Watoła |first=Judyta |date=29 December 2013 |title=Wojciech Kilar nie żyje. Zmarł w wieku 81 lat |url=http://katowice.gazeta.pl/katowice/1,35063,15198156,Wojciech_Kilar_nie_zyje__Zmarl_w_wieku_81_lat.html#ixzz2qJokPmgZ |newspaper= Gazeta.pl}}</ref>

In early December 2013, Kilar left the hospital to return to his residence in Katowice. As he did not have any children, he was taken care of by his niece.<ref name="JW" /> He was also regularly visited by a [[Catholic priest]] and received the [[Holy Communion]] twice during the Christmas season. His condition deteriorated on 28 December and on the morning of Sunday, 29 December 2013, Kilar died.<ref name="idziemy" /> Following the cremation of his body, Kilar's funeral was held on 4 January 2014 at the [[Cathedral of Christ the King, Katowice|Cathedral of Christ the King]] in Katowice. After the service, his ashes were laid to rest alongside those of his wife.<ref>{{cite news |date=5 January 2013 |title=Oscar-winning composer Wojciech Kilar laid to rest in state funeral |newspaper=[[The New Zealand Herald]] }}</ref>