Editing Wine (software) (section)

==History==
Bob Amstadt, the initial project leader, and Eric Youngdale started the Wine project in 1993 as a way to run Windows applications on [[Linux]]. It was inspired by two [[Sun Microsystems]] products, [[Wabi (software)|Wabi]] for the [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] operating system, and the [[Public Windows Interface]],<ref>{{cite newsgroup
 |url          = https://groups.google.com/group/comp.windows.x.i386unix/browse_thread/thread/88fbd87c0ae2e48f/5003eb8ed33ae522
 |title        = Wine project status
 |first        = Bob
 |last         = Amstadt
 |newsgroup    = comp.windows.x.i386unix
 |date         = 29 September 1993
 |access-date  = 13 July 2008
 |archive-date = 5 January 2011
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110105094738/http://groups.google.com/group/comp.windows.x.i386unix/browse_thread/thread/88fbd87c0ae2e48f/5003eb8ed33ae522
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> which was an attempt to get the [[Windows API]] fully reimplemented in the public domain as an [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] standard but rejected due to pressure from [[Microsoft]] in 1996.<ref>{{cite web
 | url          = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_1999_May_7/ai_54580586
 | archive-url  = https://archive.today/20120708074447/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0CGN/is_1999_May_7/ai_54580586
 | url-status   = dead
 | archive-date = 8 July 2012
 | title        = Sun Uses ECMA as Path to ISO Java Standardization
 | publisher    = [[Computergram International]]
 | date         = 7 May 1999
 | access-date   = 13 July 2008}}</ref> Wine originally targeted [[16-bit computing#16-bit application|16-bit applications]] for [[Windows 3.x]], but  {{As of|2010|lc = on}} focuses on [[32-bit computing#Applications|32-bit]] and [[64-bit computing#64-bit applications|64-bit]] versions which have become the standard on newer operating systems. The project originated in discussions on [[Usenet]] in comp.os.linux in June 1993.<ref>{{cite newsgroup
 |title        = WABI available on Linux or not
 |author       = Byron A Jeff
 |date         = 25 August 1993
 |newsgroup    = comp.os.linux.misc
 |url          = https://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.misc/msg/daa52d28ff44919f
 |access-date  = 21 September 2007
 |archive-date = 9 June 2013
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130609014205/http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.linux.misc/msg/daa52d28ff44919f
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> [[Alexandre Julliard]] has led the project since 1994.

The project has proven time-consuming and difficult for the developers, mostly because of incomplete and incorrect [[documentation]] of the Windows API. While Microsoft extensively documents most Win32 [[subroutine|functions]], some areas such as [[file format]]s and [[protocol (computing)|protocol]]s have no public, complete specification available from Microsoft. Windows also includes undocumented low-level functions, undocumented behavior and obscure [[software bug|bugs]] that Wine must duplicate precisely in order to allow some applications to work properly.<ref>{{cite interview
 |last         = Loli-Queru
 |first        = Eugenia
 |url          = http://www.osnews.com/story/227
 |title        = Interview with WINE's Alexandre Julliard
 |date         = 29 October 2001
 |work         = OSnews
 |access-date  = 30 June 2008
 |quote        = Usually we start from whatever documentation is available, implement a first version of the function, and then as we find problems with applications that call this function we fix the behavior until it is what the application expects, which is usually quite far from what the documentation states.
 |archive-date = 24 September 2008
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080924002312/http://www.osnews.com/story/227
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> Consequently, the Wine team has [[reverse engineering|reverse-engineered]] many function calls and file formats in such areas as [[thunk]]ing.{{citation needed|date=October 2011}}

The Wine project originally released Wine under the same [[MIT License]] as the X Window System, but owing to concern about [[proprietary software|proprietary]] versions of Wine not contributing their changes back to the core project,<ref>{{cite web
 | url      = https://winehq.org/pipermail/wine-devel/2002-February/003912.html
 | title      = Wine license change
 | first      = Jeremy
 | last      = White
 | date      = 6 February 2002
 | access-date      = 27 April 2010
 | archive-date      = 21 July 2011
 | archive-url      = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721161438/http://www.winehq.org/pipermail/wine-devel/2002-February/003912.html
 | url-status      = live
 }}</ref> work as of March 2002 has used the LGPL for its licensing.<ref>{{cite web
 |url          = https://winehq.org/pipermail/wine-devel/2002-February/004487.html
 |title        = License change vote results
 |author       = Alexandre Julliard
 |date         = 18 February 2002
 |access-date  = 27 April 2010
 |archive-date = 21 July 2011
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721161533/http://www.winehq.org/pipermail/wine-devel/2002-February/004487.html
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref>

Wine officially entered beta with version 0.9 on 25 October 2005.<ref>{{cite web
 | url        = https://winehq.org/news/2005102502
 | title        = Beta!
 | date        = 25 October 2005
 | access-date        = 9 December 2010
 | archive-date        = 27 June 2010
 | archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20100627152434/http://www.winehq.org/news/2005102502
 | url-status        = live
 }}</ref> Version 1.0 was released on 17 June 2008,<ref>{{cite web
 |url          = https://winehq.org/announce/1.0
 |title        = Announcement of version 1.0
 |publisher    = Wine HQ
 |date         = 17 June 2008
 |access-date  = 1 September 2008
 |archive-date = 1 February 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090201110400/http://www.winehq.org/announce/1.0
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> after 15 years of development. Version 1.2 was released on 16 July 2010,<ref>{{cite web
 | url = https://winehq.org/news/2010071601
 | title = Release News
 | first = Alexandre
 | last = Julliard
 | date = 16 July 2010
 | access-date = 30 August 2013
 | archive-date = 10 February 2013
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130210095639/http://www.winehq.org/news/2010071601
 | url-status = live
 }}</ref> version 1.4 on 7 March 2012,<ref name="Wine 1.4 release">{{cite web
 | url        = https://winehq.org/announce/1.4
 | title        = Wine Announcement
 | access-date        = 7 March 2012
 | archive-date        = 9 March 2012
 | archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20120309071137/http://www.winehq.org/announce/1.4
 | url-status        = live
 }}</ref> version 1.6 on 18 July 2013,<ref name="wine1.6">{{cite web
 |url          = https://www.winehq.org/news/2013071801
 |title        = Wine 1.6 Released
 |date         = 18 July 2013
 |publisher    = WineHQ
 |access-date  = 18 July 2013
 |archive-date = 21 July 2013
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20130721154248/http://www.winehq.org/news/2013071801
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> version 1.8 on 19 December 2015<ref name="wine1.8">{{cite web
 |url          = https://www.winehq.org/news/2015121901
 |title        = Wine 1.8 Released
 |date         = 19 December 2015
 |publisher    = WineHQ
 |access-date  = 19 December 2015
 |archive-date = 22 December 2015
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20151222111846/https://www.winehq.org/news/2015121901
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> and version 9.0 on 16 January 2024.<ref name="wine9.0">{{cite web
 |url          = https://gitlab.winehq.org/wine/wine/-/releases/wine-9.0
 |title        = Wine 9.0
 |date         = 16 January 2024
 |publisher    = WineHQ
 |access-date  = 30 January 2024
 |archive-date = 27 January 2024
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20240127012950/https://gitlab.winehq.org/wine/wine/-/releases/wine-9.0
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref> Development versions are released roughly every two weeks.

Wine-staging is an independently maintained set of aggressive [[Patch (Unix)|patches]] not deemed ready by WineHQ developers for merging into the Wine repository, but still considered useful by the wine-compholio [[Fork (software development)|fork]]. It mainly covers experimental functions and bug fixes. Since January 2017, patches in wine-staging begins to be actively merged into the WineHQ upstream as wine-compholio transferred the project to Alistair Leslie-Hughes, a key WineHQ developer. {{as of|2019}}, WineHQ also provides pre-built versions of wine-staging.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wine-Staging |url=https://wiki.winehq.org/Wine-Staging |website=WineHQ Wiki |access-date=22 April 2019 |archive-date=22 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422224446/https://wiki.winehq.org/Wine-Staging |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Corporate sponsorship===
The main corporate sponsor of Wine is [[CodeWeavers]], which employs Julliard and many other Wine developers to work on Wine and on [[CrossOver (software)|CrossOver]], CodeWeavers' supported version of Wine. CrossOver includes some application-specific tweaks not considered suitable for the [[Upstream (software development)|upstream]] version, as well as some additional proprietary components.<ref>{{cite news
 |first        = Jeremy
 |last         = White
 |url          = https://codeweavers.com/support/forums/announce/?t=24;mhl=100155;msg=100155#msg100155
 |title        = Announcing CrossOver 10.0 and CrossOver Games 10.0, The Impersonator
 |publisher    = CodeWeavers
 |date         = 27 January 2011
 |access-date  = 28 January 2011
 |archive-date = 2 February 2011
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20110202214843/http://www.codeweavers.com/support/forums/announce/?t=24;mhl=100155;msg=100155#msg100155
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref>

Canadian software developer [[Corel]] for a time assisted the project, chiefly by employing Julliard and others to work on it. Corel had an interest in porting [[WordPerfect#WordPerfect for Windows|WordPerfect Office]], its [[Productivity software#Office suite|office suite]], to Linux (especially [[Corel Linux]]). Corel later cancelled all Linux-related projects after Microsoft made major investments in Corel, stopping their Wine effort.<ref>{{cite news|last=Vaughan-Nichols|first=Steven J.|date=25 February 2002|title=That's All Folks: Corel Leaves Open Source Behind|publisher=Linux.com|url=https://www.linux.com/news/thats-all-folks-corel-leaves-open-source-behind/|access-date=11 May 2021|archive-date=12 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512134450/https://www.linux.com/news/thats-all-folks-corel-leaves-open-source-behind/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Other corporate sponsors include [[Google]], which hired CodeWeavers to fix Wine so [[Picasa]] ran well enough to be ported directly to Linux using the same binary as on Windows; Google later paid for improvements to Wine's support for [[Adobe Photoshop|Adobe Photoshop CS2]].<ref>{{cite web
 | url        = https://github.com/google/older-mirrored-patches/blob/master/Wine.md
 | title        = older-mirrored-patches/Wine.md at master - google/older-mirrored-patches
 | website = [[GitHub]]
 | access-date        = 9 February 2023
 | archive-date        = 9 February 2023
 | archive-url        = https://web.archive.org/web/20230209210024/https://github.com/google/older-mirrored-patches/blob/master/Wine.md
 | url-status        = live
 }}</ref> Wine is also a regular beneficiary of Google's [[Summer of Code]] program.<ref>{{cite mailing list
 |last         = Kegel
 |first        = Dan
 |url          = http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.emulators.wine.devel/56872
 |title        = Google's support for Wine in 2007
 |date         = 14 February 2008
 |mailing-list = wine-devel
 |access-date  = 3 January 2009
 |archive-date = 6 January 2009
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090106202914/http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.emulators.wine.devel/56872
 |url-status   = live
}}</ref>

[[Valve Corporation|Valve]] works with [[CodeWeavers]] to develop [[Proton (software)|Proton]], a Wine-based [[compatibility layer]] for [[Microsoft Windows]] games to run on [[Linux]]-based operating systems. Proton includes several patches that upstream Wine does not accept for various reasons, such as Linux-specific implementations of Win32 functions.