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== Early life and education == William Thurston was born in [[Washington, D.C.]], to Margaret Thurston ({{nee|Martt}}), a seamstress, and Paul Thurston, an aeronautical engineer.<ref name="notices-1">{{cite journal |first1=David |last1=Gabai |author1-link=David Gabai |first2=Steven |last2=Kerckhoff |author2-link=Steven Kerckhoff |url=http://www.ams.org/notices/201511/rnoti-p1318.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.ams.org/notices/201511/rnoti-p1318.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |title=William P. Thurston, 1946–2012 |journal=[[Notices of the American Mathematical Society]] |year=2015 |volume=62 |issue=11 |pages=1318–1332|doi=10.1090/noti1300 }}</ref> William Thurston suffered from congenital [[strabismus]] as a child, causing issues with depth perception.<ref name="notices-1"/> His mother worked with him as a toddler to reconstruct three-dimensional images from two-dimensional ones.<ref name="notices-1"/> He received his bachelor's degree from [[New College of Florida|New College]] in 1967 as part of its inaugural class.<ref name="notices-1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2012/08/mathematics-innovator-william-thurston-dies-65|title=World-renowned mathematician William Thurston dies at 65|first=Susan|last=Kelley|date=Aug 24, 2012|accessdate=2023-01-11}}</ref> For his undergraduate thesis, he developed an [[intuitionism|intuitionist]] foundation for topology.<ref>See p. 3 in {{cite arXiv |last1=Laudenbach |first1=François |last2=Papadopoulos| first2=Athanase |eprint=1912.03115 |title=W. P. Thurston and French mathematics |class=math.GT |date=2019 }}</ref> Following this, he received a doctorate in mathematics from the [[University of California, Berkeley]] under [[Morris Hirsch]], with his thesis ''Foliations of Three-Manifolds which are Circle Bundles'' in 1972.<ref name="notices-1"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=11749|title = William Thurston – the Mathematics Genealogy Project}}</ref>
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