Editing William Lloyd Garrison (section)

==Early life==
[[File:Nathaniel Jocelyn - William Lloyd Garrison - NPG.96.102 - National Portrait Gallery.jpg|upright|thumb|left|Portrait of Garrison by [[Nathaniel Jocelyn]], 1833]]
Garrison was born on December 10, 1805, in [[Newburyport, Massachusetts]],<ref>{{cite book
|last1=Ehrlich
|first1=Eugene
|authorlink1=Eugene Ehrlich
|first2=Gorton
|last2=Carruth
|title=The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide to the United States
|location=New York
|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]
|year=1982
|page=53
|isbn=0195031865}}</ref> the youngest son of immigrants from the British colony of [[New Brunswick]],<ref name="red"/> in present-day Canada. Under [[An Act for the relief of sick and disabled seamen]], his father Abijah Garrison, a merchant-sailing pilot and master, had obtained American papers and moved his family to Newburyport in 1806. The U.S. [[Embargo Act of 1807]], intended to injure Great Britain, caused a decline in American commercial shipping. His father soon became unemployed and deserted the family in 1808. Garrison's mother was Frances Maria Lloyd, reported to have been tall, charming, and of a strong religious character. She started referring to their son William as Lloyd, his middle name, to preserve her family name; he later printed his name as "Wm. Lloyd". She died in 1823, in the city of [[Baltimore, Maryland]].<ref>Mayer, 12</ref>

Garrison sold homemade lemonade and candy as a youth, and also delivered wood to help support the family. In 1818, at 13, Garrison began working as an apprentice compositor in a 7 year-long arrangement for the ''[[Newburyport Herald]].'' He soon began writing articles, often under the pseudonym ''[[Aristides]].'' (Aristides was an Athenian statesman and general, nicknamed "the Just".) He could write as he typeset his writing, without the need for paper. His most significant contribution to the paper, during the final year of his apprenticeship in 1826 when he was 20 years old, was a severe repudiation of ''[[American Writers]]'' by [[John Neal]]. This started a years-long feud.<ref>{{cite thesis | last = Richards | first = Irving T. | year = 1933 | title = The Life and Works of John Neal | degree = PhD | publisher = [[Harvard University]] | location = Cambridge, Massachusetts | url = http://id.lib.harvard.edu/alma/990038995990203941/catalog | oclc = 7588473 | page = 568}}</ref> After his apprenticeship ended, Garrison became the sole owner, editor, and printer of the ''Newburyport Free Press,'' acquiring the rights from his friend [[Isaac Knapp]], who had also apprenticed at the ''Herald''. One of their regular contributors was poet and abolitionist [[John Greenleaf Whittier]]. In this early work as a small-town newspaper writer, Garrison acquired skills he would later use as a nationally known writer, speaker, and newspaper publisher. In 1828, he was appointed editor of the ''[[National Philanthropist]]'' in [[Boston, Massachusetts]], the first American journal to promote legally-mandated [[temperance movement in the United States|temperance]].

He became involved in the anti-slavery movement in the 1820s and over time, he rejected both the [[American Colonization Society]] and the gradualist views of most others involved in the movement. Garrison co-founded ''The Liberator'' to espouse his abolitionist views. Out of its those reading the publication, in 1832 he organized the [[New-England Anti-Slavery Society]]. This society expanded into the [[American Anti-Slavery Society]], which espoused the position that slavery should be abolished immediately, rather than gradually.
[[File:Helen Eliza Benson Garrison.png|thumb|210px|upright|[[Helen Eliza Benson Garrison]]]]