Editing Wholesaling (section)

==Taxes==
Often, in the United States, wholesalers are not required to charge their buyers [[sales tax]], if the buyer has a resale license in the state the wholesaler is located. Out-of-state buyers are not charged sale tax by wholesalers.<ref>Michael Gravette, wholesaler for 32 years.</ref>

In [[China]], wholesalers are subject to a Value-Added Tax (VAT) of either 9% or 13% on imported goods, depending on the type of product.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What taxes are involved when goods are imported into China? |url=https://www.eusmecentre.org.cn/faq/what-taxes-are-involved-when-goods-are-imported-into-china/#:~:text=Value-added%20tax:%20since%20April,6%25,%20applicable%20to%20services. |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=EU SME Centre: China Market Research, Training, Advice {{!}} Get Ready for China |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-22 |title=Import-Export Taxes and Duties in China in 2022 |url=https://www.china-briefing.com/news/import-export-taxes-and-duties-in-china-2022/ |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=China Briefing News |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, consumption tax is levied on products such as [[tobacco]], [[Alcoholic beverage|alcohol]], and [[luxury goods]]. These taxes are part of China's broader strategy to promote domestic consumption and regulate imports.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Deyong |date=2022-09-01 |title=Consumption Tax Reform in Accelerating the Establishment of a New Development Paradigm |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/cfer-2022-0013/html |journal=China Finance and Economic Review |language=en |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=117–128 |doi=10.1515/cfer-2022-0013 |issn=2196-5633}}</ref> On the other hand, [[Vietnam]] imposes a standard VAT rate of 10% on most goods and services, with exemptions for certain agricultural products and essential services.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Inc IBP |first= |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Vietnam_Doing_Business_and_Investing_in/d1rvCwAAQBAJ?hl=vi&gbpv=1&dq=Vietnam+imposes+a+standard+VAT+rate+of+10%25+on+most+goods+and+services&pg=PA258&printsec=frontcover |title=Vietnam: Doing Business and Investing in Vietnam Guide Volume 1 Strategic, Practical Information and Contacts |date=2015-06-01 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-5145-2818-1 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nam Nguyen |date=2022-01-08 |title=Wholesale suppliers Vietnam |url=https://sourcevietnam.com/ |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=SourceVietNam |language=en}}</ref> In [[Europe]], Value-Added Tax (VAT) rates vary among member states, with a standard rate that cannot be less than 15%.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=VAT rules and rates: standard, special & reduced rates |url=https://europa.eu/youreurope/business/taxation/vat/vat-rules-rates/index_en.htm?form=MG0AV3 |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=Your Europe |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=VAT - European Commission |url=https://taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu/taxation/vat_en#:~:text=about%20VAT%20Directive-,VAT%20rates,taken%20from%20an%20agreed%20list. |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu |language=en}}</ref> Countries like [[Hungary]], [[Croatia]], [[Denmark]], and [[Sweden]] have higher standard VAT rates, while [[Luxembourg]], [[Malta]], [[Cyprus]], [[Greece]], [[Germany]], and [[Romania]] have lower rates.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mengden |first=Alex |date=2024-01-30 |title=2024 VAT Rates in Europe |url=https://taxfoundation.org/data/all/eu/value-added-tax-2024-vat-rates-europe/?form=MG0AV3 |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=Tax Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref>