Editing White Dwarf (magazine) (section)

== History ==

=== 1970s ===
[[Steve Jackson (UK)|Steve Jackson]] and [[Ian Livingstone]] initially produced a newsletter called ''[[Owl and Weasel]]'', which ran for twenty-five issues from February 1975 before it evolved into ''White Dwarf''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brannan |first=Timothy S. |title=Owl & Weasel Wednesday #6 July 1975 |url=https://theotherside.timsbrannan.com/2014/08/owl-weasel-wednesday-6-july-1975.html |access-date=2024-10-22}}</ref>

Originally scheduled for May/June 1977,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Livingstone |first=Ian |author-link=Ian Livingstone |date=April 1977 |title=White Dwarf |journal=[[Owl and Weasel]] |publisher=Games Workshop |issue=25 |pages=6}}</ref> ''White Dwarf'' was first published one month later. According to Shannon Appelcline, "Issue #1 ... was a 20-page magazine printed on glossy stock with a two-color cover."<ref name="Appelcline2014">{{cite book|last=Appelcline|first=Shannon|title=Designers & Dragons: The '70s|year=2014|publisher=[[Evil Hat Productions]]|page=2795 |location=Silver Spring, MD|isbn=978-1-61317-075-5}}</ref> The magazine had a bimonthly schedule, with an initial (and speculative)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.eidosinteractive.co.uk/ian_livingstone/biography/part4.html |title=eidosinteractive.co.uk |access-date=28 August 2008 |archive-date=15 September 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915090841/http://www.eidosinteractive.co.uk/ian_livingstone/biography/part4.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> print run of 4,000. ''White Dwarf'' continued the fantasy and science fiction role-playing and board-gaming theme developed in ''Owl and Weasel''. Due to the increase in available space, there was an opportunity to produce reviews, articles and scenarios to a greater depth than had been possible in ''Owl and Weasel''.

=== 1980s ===
During the early 1980s, the magazine focused mainly on the "big three" role-playing games of the time: ''Advanced Dungeons & Dragons'', ''RuneQuest'' and ''Traveller''.

In addition to this a generation of writers passed through its offices and onto other RPG projects in the next decade, such as [[Phil Masters]] and [[Marcus Rowland (author)|Marcus L. Rowland]]. The magazine included mini-game scenarios, capable of completion in a single night's play, rather than the long games typical of the off-the-shelf campaigns. This would often be in the form of a single task for either existing or new characters to resolve. These could either be added to existing campaign plots, or be used stand-alone, just for an evening, and were easily grasped by those familiar with RPG rules.

During this period the magazine included many features such as the satirical comic strip ''[[Thrud the Barbarian]]'' and [[Dave Langford]]'s "Critical Mass" book review column, as well as a comical advertising series "[[The Androx Diaries]]", and always had cameos and full scenarios for a broad selection of the most popular games of the time, as well as a more rough and informal editorial style.

In the mid to late 1980s, however, there was a repositioning from being a general periodical covering all aspects and publishers within the hobby niche to a focus almost exclusively on Games Workshop's own products and publications. The last ''Dungeons & Dragons'' article appeared in issue 93, with the changeover being complete by issue #102. In this respect it took over some of the aspects of the ''[[Citadel Journal]]'', an intermittent publication that supported the ''[[Warhammer Fantasy Battle]]'' game. The magazine has always been a conduit for new rules and ideas for GW games as well as a means to showcase developments. It often includes scenarios, campaigns, hobby news, photos of recently released miniatures and tips on building terrain and constructing or [[miniature conversion|converting miniatures]].

Grombrindal the White Dwarf is also a special character for the ''Warhammer'' [[Dwarf (Warhammer)|Dwarf army]], whose rules are published only in certain issues of ''White Dwarf'' (being revamped for the most recent edition of the rules). It is never stated who exactly the White Dwarf is, but it is implied{{by whom|date=February 2022}} that he is the spirit of Snorri Whitebeard,{{citation needed|date=February 2022}} the last king of the Dwarfs to receive respect from an Elf. The image of the White Dwarf has graced the cover of many issues of the magazine. The image was also used on the [[character sheet]] for the Dwarf character in ''[[HeroQuest (board game)|HeroQuest]]''.

=== 2000s ===<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:White dwarf 237.jpg|frame|Cover of ''White Dwarf'' issue #237, October 1999 {{ifdc|1=White dwarf 237.jpg|log=2009 May 19}}]] -->
In December 2004, ''White Dwarf'' published its 300th issue<!-- Ref including link to blatant copyvio removed --> in the United Kingdom and North America.{{efn|The North American publication number is one less than the corresponding issue for the United Kingdom publication.}} Each issue contained many special "[[freebie]]s" as well as articles on the history of the magazine and the founding of Games Workshop.

The monthly battle reports are a regular feature. Battle reports detail a battle between two or more forces, usually with their own specific victory conditions. The reports follow the gamers through their army selection, tactics and deployment, through the battle to their respective conclusions. The format varies, ranging from a simplified, generalized style to a more detailed and visual style.

The page count of the US and UK publications was substantially different (for example, bearing in mind the US/UK numbering difference: issue US #319, 156 pages; UK #320, 132 pages) with substantial differences in actual amount of content (for example in the same issues: US, 114 pages; UK, 71 pages) and each magazine had substantial overlap with the other as well as unique articles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Comparing White Dwarf US 319 and UK 320 |url=https://www.dakkadakka.com/wiki/en/Comparing_White_Dwarf_US_319_and_UK_320 |website=Dakka Dakka |access-date=28 October 2023}}</ref>

=== 2010s ===
In June 2010, Andrew Kenrick replaced Mark Latham as editor. Kenrick had previously been sub-editor, as well as editing other Games Workshop material such as the most recent edition of ''[[Space Marines (Warhammer 40,000)|Codex: Space Marines]]''.

As of the October 2012 issue, ''White Dwarf'' was redesigned with a new nine-member production staff with Matthew Hutson, Kris Shield and Andrew Kenrick continuing from the previous version, and six new members, including Jes Bickham as the new editor. Bickham had previously edited the ''[[Battle Games in Middle-earth]]'' magazine.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What's New Today from the White Dwarf Team |url=http://www.games-workshop.com/gws/wnt/blog.jsp?pid=4200016-gws |publisher=Games Workshop |access-date=26 December 2012 |archive-date=21 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021164231/http://www.games-workshop.com/gws/wnt/blog.jsp?pid=4200016-gws |url-status=dead }}</ref>

''White Dwarf'' continued to be published on a monthly basis until issue #409, January 2014. On 1 February 2014, the magazine moved to a 32-page format, published weekly and renumbered from issue 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2014 |title=White Dwarf magazine goes weekly! |url=http://www.games-workshop.com/gws/wnt/blog.jsp?pid=12800022 |access-date=10 March 2014 |website=Games-Workshop |archive-date=10 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310040438/http://www.games-workshop.com/gws/wnt/blog.jsp?pid=12800022 |url-status=dead }}</ref> ''Warhammer Visions'', a monthly sister title, was launched at the same time, in a format favouring the imagery over text. The weekly version of ''White Dwarf'' lasted for 131 issues. In September 2016, the magazine returned to its monthly format; it also subsumed ''Warhammer Visions''.