Editing Werwolf (section)

==Nomenclature==
How and by whom the name was chosen is unknown,<ref>{{cite book|title=Exorcising Hitler: The Occupation and Denazification of Germany|last=Taylor|first=Frederick|date=2012|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1408822128|language=en}}</ref> but it may have alluded to the title of [[Hermann Löns]]'s novel, ''[[Der Wehrwolf]]'', first published in 1910.<ref name="beevor-berlin-pp">{{cite book  | last = Beevor  | first = Antony  | author-link = Antony Beevor  | title = The Fall of Berlin 1945  | publisher = [[Penguin Books|Penguin]]  | year = 2002  | page = [https://archive.org/details/fallofberlin194500beev/page/173 173]  | isbn = 0-14-200280-1  | url = https://archive.org/details/fallofberlin194500beev/page/173  }}</ref> Set in the [[Celle]] region ([[Lower Saxony]]) during the [[Thirty Years' War]] (1618–1648), the novel concerns a [[peasant]] named Harm Wulf. After marauding soldiers kill his family, Wulf organizes his neighbors into a [[militia]] who pursue the soldiers and mercilessly execute any they capture, while referring to themselves as ''Wehrwölfe''. Löns wrote that the title was a dual reference to the fact that the peasants put up a fighting defense (''sich wehren'', see "[[Bundeswehr]]" – Federal Defense) and to the protagonist's surname of ''Wulf'', but it also had obvious parallels with the word ''Werwölfe'' in that Wulf's men came to enjoy killing.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Watt | first = Roderick H. | title = Wehrwolf or Werwolf? Literature, Legend, or Lexical Error into Nazi Propaganda? | journal = The Modern Language Review | volume = 87 | issue = 4 | pages = 879–95 | publisher = The Modern Language Review, Vol. 87, No. 4|date=October 1992| doi = 10.2307/3731426| jstor = 3731426 }}</ref> While Löns was not himself a Nazi (he died in 1914), his work became popular with the [[German far-right|German far right]], and the Nazis celebrated it. Indeed, [[Cellesche Zeitung|Celle's local newspaper]] began [[Serial (literature)|serialising]] ''Der Wehrwolf'' in January 1945.<ref>{{cite book | last = Neumann | first = Klaus | title = Shifting Memories: The Nazi Past in the New Germany | publisher = University of Michigan Press | year = 2000 | page = 50 | isbn = 0-472-08710-X}}</ref>

In 1942, [[Adolf Hitler]] named the [[OKW]] and [[OKH]] field headquarters, at [[Vinnytsia]] in [[Ukraine]], [[Werwolf (Wehrmacht headquarters)|"Werwolf"]],<ref>{{cite book | last = Warlimont | first = Walter | title = Inside Hitler's Headquarters, 1939–45 | url = https://archive.org/details/insidehitlershea00warl | url-access = limited | publisher = F.A. Praeger | year = 1964 | page = [https://archive.org/details/insidehitlershea00warl/page/n130 246] }}</ref> and Hitler on a number of occasions had used "Wolf" as a [[pseudonym]] for himself. The [[etymology]] of the name "Adolf" itself carries connotations of noble (''adal''; Modern German ''Adel'') wolf, while Hitler referred to his first [[World War II]] [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]] military headquarters as ''[[Wolfsschanze]],'' commonly rendered in English as "[[Wolf's Lair]]" (literally "Wolf's [[Sconce (fortification)|Sconce]]").