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==History== Wayland was the first settlement of [[Sudbury, Massachusetts|Sudbury Plantation]] in 1638. The residents of what is now Sudbury split away in 1722 and formed into the western parish, while residents of what is now Wayland formed into the eastern parish. Prior to the [[American Revolution]] Sudbury had one of the largest [[Militia (United States)|militias]] in Massachusetts, numbering about 400. During the [[Battles of Lexington and Concord]] on April 19, 1775, approximately 302 members of the Sudbury militia, including 115 from the eastern parish, marched to Concord. The Town of East Sudbury split away from the western parish and was formally incorporated on April 10, 1780. "The higher average wealth level of the residents on the eastern side of the river and on Pelham Island caused the east side of Town to have a higher total assessment than the west side... the east-siders paid more than half of Town taxes even though more than half of the Town population (and the associated costs for Town services) was on the west side."<ref>{{Cite web|title=TOWN HISTORY: A SHORT HISTORY OF WAYLAND, MA|url=https://www.waylandmuseum.org/history-of-wayland/|access-date=October 16, 2021|website=Wayland Historical Society}}</ref> On March 11, 1835, members of town meeting voted to rename East Sudbury "Wayland" in honor of Dr. [[Francis Wayland]], who was a [[Temperance movement|temperance]] advocate, [[Abolitionism|abolitionist]], then president of [[Brown University]], and a friend of local Judge Edward Mellen. Both Wayland and Mellen were strong advocates of public libraries, and donated money to fund the establishment of a public library for the town.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Judge Edward Mellen letter to Rev. Francis Wayland|url=https://www.digitalcommonwealth.org/search/commonwealth:sj13bp55v|access-date=October 16, 2021|website=Digital Commonwealth}}</ref> When questions arose about the legality of taxing residents to establish a library, Representative Reverend John Burt Wight brought the question to the state legislature, which led to an 1851 Massachusetts state law enabling the establishment of free public libraries. This makes the Wayland Public library arguably the first free public library in the state and the second public library in the country.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nix|first=Larry|date=December 20, 2009|title=Rev. Wight and Wayland's Public Library|url=http://libraryhistorybuff.blogspot.com/2009/12/rev-wight-and-waylands-public-library.html|access-date=October 16, 2021}}</ref> The current library building was built in 1900. Famous residents of Wayland in the mid-19th century include abolitionist Rev. [[Edmund Sears]], the minister of the First Parish Church, who wrote the 1849 poem and song "[[It Came Upon the Midnight Clear]]" and abolitionist, author, and [[suffragist]] [[Lydia Maria Child]]. The [[Sudbury Valley Trustees]] were founded in 1953 by seven men from Wayland. In 1954, during the [[Second Red Scare|Red Scare]], elementary school teacher Anne Hale was fired in a 2β1 vote by the Wayland School Committee. She had been a member of the Communist Party from 1938 to 1950 and the committee members who voted to fire her stated her lack of "perception, understanding, and judgment necessary in one who is to be entrusted with the responsibility for teaching the children of the Town."<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 17, 1955|title=Red Sympathies Result in Firing|url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1955/6/17/red-sympathies-result-in-firing-pwhen/|access-date=October 16, 2021|website=[[The Harvard Crimson]]}}</ref> In 2010, [[Boston Duck Tours]] was asked to help transport flood victims in Wayland. Torrential rains had left the Pelham Island area of Wayland isolated and the Ducks were brought in to ferry people in and out of their neighborhood until the waters receded.<ref>{{cite web|author=Martine Powers |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/breaking_news/2010/04/a_boston_icon_r.html |title=A Boston icon rides to the rescue in flooded Wayland - Local News Updates - MetroDesk - The Boston Globe |publisher=Boston.com |date=April 1, 2010 |access-date=May 6, 2012}}</ref> The [[Wayland (display server protocol)|Wayland display server protocol]] is named after the town.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hillesley |first1=Richard |title=Wayland - Beyond X |url=http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Wayland-Beyond-X-1432046.html |website=The H |publisher=Heise Group |access-date=9 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213223409/http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Wayland-Beyond-X-1432046.html |archive-date=13 Feb 2012 |date=13 February 2012}}</ref>
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