Editing Waqf (section)

==Terminology==

In Sunni jurisprudence, {{transliteration|ar|waqf}}, also spelled {{transliteration|ar|wakf}} ({{langx|ar|وَقْف}}; plural {{lang|ar|أَوْقاف}}, {{transliteration|ar|awqāf}}; {{langx|tr|vakıf}})<ref>Hisham Yaacob, 2006, Waqf Accounting in Malaysian State Islamic Religious Institutions: The Case of Federal Territory SIRC, unpublished Master dissertation, International Islamic University Malaysia.</ref> is synonymous with {{transliteration|ar|ḥabs}} ({{lang|ar|حَبْس}}, also called {{transliteration|ar|ḥubs}} {{lang|ar|حُبْس}} or {{transliteration|ar|ḥubus}} {{lang|ar|حُبْوس}} and commonly rendered {{lang|fr|habous}} in French).<ref name=EI2>{{Cite encyclopedia|author=Peters, R., Abouseif, Doris Behrens, Powers, D.S., Carmona, A., Layish, A., Lambton, Ann K.S., Deguilhem, Randi, McChesney, R.D., Kozlowski, G.C., M.B. Hooker|display-authors=etal| year=2012| title=Waḳf|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam| edition=2nd|publisher=Brill |editor=P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/wakf-COM_1333}}</ref> ''Habs'' and similar terms are used mainly by [[Maliki]] jurists.<ref name=EI2/> In [[Twelver Shiism]], {{transliteration|ar|ḥabs}} is a particular type of {{transliteration|ar|waqf}}, in which the founder reserves the right to dispose of the {{transliteration|ar|waqf}} property.<ref name=EI2/> The person making the grant is called {{transliteration|ar|al-waqif}} (or {{transliteration|ar|al-muhabbis}}) while the endowed assets are called {{transliteration|ar|al-mawquf}} (or {{transliteration|ar|al-muhabbas}}).<ref name=EI2/>

In older English-language law-related works in the late 19th/early 20th centuries, the word used for {{transliteration|ar|waqf}} was ''vakouf'';<ref>{{cite journal|date=1908-10-01|title=The Ottoman Constitution, Promulgated the 7th Zilbridje, 1293 (11/23 December, 1876)|url=https://archive.org/details/jstor-2212668|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|volume=2|issue=4 (Supplement: Official Documents (Oct., 1908))|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jstor-2212668/page/n1 367]–387|doi=10.2307/2212668|jstor=2212668|journal=[[The American Journal of International Law]]|s2cid=246006581 }}<!--Note that this translation is public domain--> - Translation inclosed in dispatch No. 113 in the MS. Records, [[U.S. Department of State]], dated 26 December 1876<!--Wording from: https://ia801700.us.archive.org/35/items/jstor-2212668/2212668.pdf--> ([https://archive.org/details/jstor-2212668 PDF version])</ref> the word, also present in such French works,<!--Relevant as the Ottoman Empire, in the late 1800s the major Muslim power, had French as its main pan-Christian language and its main language to interact with European foreigners // see the works by Johann Strauss, cited in [[Languages of the Ottoman Empire]]--> was used during the time of the Ottoman Empire, and is from the Turkish {{lang|tr|vakıf}}.<ref name="Strauss2010"/>