Editing Walter Gropius (section)

==Early life and family==
Born in [[Berlin]], Walter Gropius was the third child of Walter Adolph Gropius and Manon Auguste Pauline Scharnweber (1855–1933), daughter of the Prussian politician {{ill|Georg Scharnweber|de}} (1816–1894). Walter's great-uncle [[Martin Gropius]] (1824–1880) was the architect of the [[Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin|Kunstgewerbemuseum]] in Berlin and a follower of [[Karl Friedrich Schinkel]], with whom Walter's great-grandfather Carl Gropius, who fought under Field Marshal [[Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher]] at the [[Battle of Waterloo]], had shared a flat as a bachelor.<ref>[[Wolf Burchard]],'"Onkel Walter": Family Memories of Walter Gropius', The Decorative Arts Society Newsletter 104 (Summer 2015): 5</ref>

[[File:Manon+Gropius+Alma 1918 (round-frame-194x194).png|thumb|Gropius in 1918, with his wife Alma Mahler and their daughter, Manon|alt=]]
[[File:Walter Gropius in his sergeant uniform in World War I.jpg|thumb|Gropius in his sergeant's uniform during [[World War I]]|alt=]] [[File:Monument to the March dead.jpg|thumb|Gropius's ''[[Monument to the March Dead]]'' (1921) was dedicated to the memory of nine workers who died in Weimar resisting the [[Kapp Putsch]].]]

[[File:Gropius and Seidler by Dupain 1954.jpg|thumb|Gropius with [[Harry Seidler]] in Sydney, Australia, in 1954|alt=]]In 1915, Gropius married [[Alma Schindler|Alma Mahler]] (1879–1964), widow of [[Gustav Mahler]]. Walter and Alma's daughter, named [[Manon Gropius|Manon]] after Walter's mother, was born in 1916. When Manon died of [[Poliomyelitis|polio]] at age 18, in 1935, composer [[Alban Berg]] wrote his [[Violin Concerto (Berg)|Violin Concerto]] in memory of her (it is inscribed "to the memory of an angel"). Gropius and Mahler divorced in 1920 (She had by that time established a relationship with [[Franz Werfel]], whom she later married).

Gropius married Ilse Frank, known as Ise, on 16 October 1923; they remained together until his death in 1969.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hyperallergic.com/490640/a-new-biography-paints-a-colorful-portrait-of-bauhaus-founder-walter-gropius/|title=A New Biography Paints a Colorful Portrait of Bauhaus Founder Walter Gropius|date=19 March 2019|website=Hyperallergic|language=en-US|access-date=8 November 2019|archive-date=8 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108165127/https://hyperallergic.com/490640/a-new-biography-paints-a-colorful-portrait-of-bauhaus-founder-walter-gropius/|url-status=live}}</ref> The couple adopted Beate Frank known as [[Ati Gropius Johansen|Ati]], the orphaned daughter of Ise's sister Hertha.<ref name="MacCarthyF">MacCarthy, Fiona. ''Walter Gropius, Visionary founder of the Bauhous'' (2019). London, Faber & Faber.</ref><ref name="ARCHITECTS">[http://www.architects.org/architectureboston/articles/recollections-ati-gropius-johansen-daughter-walter-and-ise-gropius "Recollections by Ati Gropius Johansen, daughter of Walter and Ise Gropius"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505074948/http://www.architects.org/architectureboston/articles/recollections-ati-gropius-johansen-daughter-walter-and-ise-gropius |date=5 May 2014 }}, ''ArchitectureBoston'', Summer 2013 issue: American Gropius (Volume 16 n2)</ref> Ise Gropius died on 9 June 1983 in Lexington, Massachusetts.<ref name="bauhaus-online.de" />

Walter's sister Manon Burchard (1880–1975) is the great-grandmother of the German film and theater actresses [[Marie Burchard]] and {{ill|Bettina Burchard|de}}, and of the curator and art historian [[Wolf Burchard]].<ref>Deutsches Geschlechterbuch, volume 3, 1972</ref>