Editing Voyeurism (section)

==Historical perspectives==
There is relatively little academic research regarding voyeurism. When a review was published in 1976 there were only 15 available resources.<ref name="pmid795401">{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/BF01541221 |title=Voyeurism: A review of literature |year=1976 |last1=Smith |first1=R. Spencer |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=585–608 |pmid=795401|s2cid=22418569 }}</ref> Voyeurs were well-paying hole-lookers in especially Parisian [[brothel]]s, a commercial innovation described as far back as 1857 but not gaining much notoriety until the 1880s, and not attracting formal medical-forensic recognition until the early 1890s.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Janssen | first = D.F. | year = 2018 | title = "Voyeuristic Disorder": Etymological and Historical Note | journal = Archives of Sexual Behavior | volume = 47 | issue = 5 | pages = 1307–1311 | issn = 0004-0002 | doi=10.1007/s10508-018-1199-2| pmid = 29582266 | s2cid = 4393066 }}</ref> Society has accepted the use of the term voyeur as a description of anyone who views the intimate lives of others, even outside of a sexual context.<ref name="Metzl2004">{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/09502360410001732935 |title=From scopophilia to Survivor: A brief history of voyeurism |year=2004 |last1=Metzl |first1=Jonathan |journal=Textual Practice |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=415–34|s2cid=145357218 }}</ref> This term is specifically used regarding reality television and other media which allow people to view the personal lives of others. This is a reversal from the historical perspective, moving from a term which describes a specific population in detail, to one which describes the general population vaguely.

One of the few historical theories on the causes of voyeurism comes from psychoanalytic theory. Psychoanalytic theory proposes that voyeurism results from a failure to accept [[castration anxiety]] and as a result of failure to identify with the father.<ref name="pmid15204808" />