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Vigo County, Indiana
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==History== In 1787, the fledgling United States defined the [[Northwest Territory]], which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated [[Ohio]] from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the [[Indiana Territory]].<ref name=GAC/> President [[Thomas Jefferson]] chose [[William Henry Harrison]] as the territory's first governor, and [[Vincennes, Indiana|Vincennes]] was established as the territorial capital.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indiana|author=Brill, Marlene Targ|year=2005|publisher=[[Marshall Cavendish]]|page=35|isbn=978-0-7614-2020-0}}</ref> After the [[Michigan Territory]] was separated and the [[Illinois Territory]] was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography.<ref name=GAC>{{cite web|title=Government at Crossroads: An Indiana chronology|website=[[The Herald Bulletin]]|date=January 5, 2008|url=http://www.heraldbulletin.com/news/local_news/government-at-crossroads-an-indiana-chronology/article_3a07aa44-1cd4-5028-82e7-96b907121b31.html?mode=jqm|access-date=July 22, 2009}}</ref> By December 1816 the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state. Starting in 1794, Native American titles to Indiana lands were extinguished by usurpation, purchase, or war and treaty. The United States acquired land from the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] in the [[Treaty of Fort Wayne (1809)|1809 treaty of Fort Wayne]], and by the [[Treaty of St. Mary's (1818)|treaty of St. Mary's in 1818]] considerably more territory became property of the government. These two treaties resolved the occupation issue for the future Vigo County. Whites had been living in the area since 1811, when General Harrison erected a fort north of present-day Terre Haute. After the Indian skirmishes were resolved, settlers arrived in significant numbers beginning 1815.<ref>{{cite web|website=Indiana Genealogy Trails|date=2020|url=http://genealogytrails.com/ind/vigo/history-1.html|title=Vigo County Indiana County and Court Records|access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref> The area in present-day Vigo County was first placed under local jurisdiction in 1790, when [[Knox County, Indiana|Knox County]] was created. This all-encompassing county was repeatedly subdivided as its lands were occupied β on December 30, 1816, a portion was partitioned to create [[Sullivan County, Indiana|Sullivan County]], and on January 21, 1818, the northern portion of Sullivan was partitioned off to create Vigo County. The first county commissioners organized the government in 1818, including naming Terre Haute as its seat. The county's borders changed several times; in 1821, part of the county was formed into Parke County, and later that year Putnam County was formed which also affected Vigo's borders. The final change came in 1873 when the present boundaries were defined.{{sfn|Bradsby|1891|pp=285β289}} The county is named for Colonel [[Francis Vigo]], of Italian heritage but a citizen of [[Spain]] due to residence in St. Louis. He is credited with assisting [[George Rogers Clark]], both in financing Clark's exploration and [[American Revolutionary War]] efforts, and in service as an agent obtaining military information for Clark against British campaigns on the then frontier.{{sfn|Baker|Carmony|1975|p=173}}
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