Editing Vienna Center, Ohio (section)

==History==
Vienna Township was established as Township 4, Range 2 in the [[Connecticut Western Reserve]]. It was surveyed in 1798 by a group led by [[Uriel Holmes]] under the direction of the [[Connecticut Land Company]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84028385/1867-04-10/ed-1/seq-2/ |title=Early Times in Ohio |author=Ritezel, William |publisher=Western Reserve Chronicle |date=April 10, 1867 |accessdate=March 13, 2025 }}</ref> The township's original settlers were Dennis Palmer and Isaac Flower.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.viennapedia.org/Home/early-history-of-vienna |title=Early History of Vienna |publisher=Vienna Historical Society |access-date=March 13, 2024 }}</ref> [[Thomas Robbins (minister)|Thomas Robbins]] of the [[List of Protestant missionary societies|Connecticut Missionary Society]]  established Vienna's Congregational Church in 1805, which would adopt Presbyterianism in 1854, one of the earliest churches in the state.<ref>DeRogatis, Amy. ''Moral Geography: Maps, Missionaries, and the American Frontier''. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003.</ref> The Western Reserve was absorbed into the [[Northwest Territory]] and later as part of Ohio in 1803.

On June 20, 1810, a township green was established in what would be called Vienna Center. Eight acres on the northwest corner of Vienna Center were purchased by the community's Presbyterian Society for $20.00. Upon this green now stands Vienna Presbyterian Church, Vienna Methodist Church, the Copper Penny Masonic Lodge (built as the two-story Vienna School Number 1), the Soldiers and Sailors Monument, Bicentennial Gazebo, and the Vienna Township Cemetery.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.viennapedia.org/places-businesses/vienna-township-green |title=Vienna Township Green |publisher=Vienna Historical Society |access-date=March 13, 2024 }}</ref> One of the earliest buildings, constructed on the green in 1825, was used for church services, township meetings and housed Vienna Academy, an early "English School" for boys. The building was moved in the early 20th century to its current site on Youngstown-Kingsville Road north of Vienna Center and serves as Vienna Township Hall.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.viennapedia.org/places-businesses/vienna-academy |title=Vienna Academy |publisher=Vienna Historical Society |access-date=March 13, 2024 }}</ref>

Settlement in the Township and the Western Reserve was slow until after the [[War of 1812]]. Though primarily agricultural, Vienna Township was the home to several clock-making factories established between 1812 and the 1830s, a frontier extension of one of Connecticut's signal industries. Vienna's clock makers, including brothers Lambert W. and Thomas Lewis, Phineas Deming, Joel J. Hummason, Jr., John C. McMaster, Ansel Merrell, and Abel Tyler, manufactured tall case and shelf wooden-work clocks, using water power supplied by the Township's streams and creeks.<ref>Rebecca M. Rogers, ''Trumbull County Clock Industry, 1812–1825'' (Dayton, OH : Sterling Graphics, [1991?]), p. 24.</ref>

An economic boom began in 1866, when the first coal mine was opened by businessman Ira B. Mackey, Jr. Vienna was inundated with men seeking work in some 20 mines opened over the next 20 years. The built environment of Vienna Center (also called Vienna Village) changed with the construction of 32 saloons, bar-rooms, and billiard parlors. Some Vienna residents responded by establishing temperance societies. Tensard Mackey (Ira B. Mackey's brother) operated a temperance hotel on the northeast corner of Vienna Center; this building stood until 1966.<ref>[http://viennapedia.viennahistory.org/topics/coal-boom-and-coal-mining "Coal Boom and Coal Mining." Viennapedia: The Encyclopedia of Vienna Township, Trumbull County, Ohio]. Accessed December 28, 2014.</ref> Temperance reform nationwide was the work of women, and in 1880 Vienna's temperance societies petitioned the state to allow women to vote on local issues.<ref>''Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Ohio, For the Regular Session of the Sixty-Fourth General Assembly, Commencing Monday, January 5, 1880''. Volume LXXVI. Columbus, Ohio: G. J. Brand & Co., Printers, 1880, page 311.</ref>

Another outcome of Vienna's coal mining was the creation of Ohio's first mining safety law in 1874. Future State Inspector of Mines Andrew Roy was a member of a team appointed by the Ohio General Assembly to investigate and report on the working conditions of miners throughout the state. The team visited the Vienna Coal Company's mine in August 1871. Roy included in his section of the report what he saw in Vienna.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=9axAAAAAYAAJ&dq=vienna%20mines%20trumbull%20county%20ohio&pg=PP1 Report of the Mining Commission Appointed Under Joint Resolution of the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, Passed May 2d, 1871, to His Excellency the Governor Rutherford B. Hayes, November 14th, 1871]. Columbus: Nevins & Myers, State Printers, 1872.</ref>

The [[Youngstown-Warren Regional Airport]], one of the last [[Works Progress Administration]] projects, and the [[Youngstown-Warren Air Reserve Station]] were constructed near the community in 1939 and the 1950s.