Editing University of Scranton (section)

==History==
{{Main|History of the University of Scranton}}In 1888 the first bishop of Scranton, [[William O'Hara]], began construction of St. Thomas College, the predecessor of the University of Scranton. In September 1892 the college admitted its first students, 62 young men. Staffing passed from diocesan priests and seminarians, to [[Xaverian Brothers]], and after 1897 to [[De La Salle Brothers|Lasallian Christian Brothers]]. In 1897 the school was broken into three divisions: the college department, a two-year commercial program, and St. Thomas High School which remained open until 1939. Jesuit priest Daniel J. MacGoldrick came from [[Georgetown University]] to serve as president from 1895 until his death in 1900. The college awarded degrees through other colleges until 1924, when it received a State charter to grant [[bachelor's degree]]s in arts and science, and the [[Master's degree|master of science]]. In 1938, the Christian Brothers renamed the college "University of Scranton" and began admitting women to the evening division.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/ui/custom/default/collection/coll_p9000coll7/resources/custompages/timeline/ |title=Timeline: The University of Scranton |date=2016 |website=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |publisher=University of Scranton Weinberg Memorial Library |access-date=19 October 2016}}</ref><ref name=":102">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p9000coll7/id/3189 |title=The University of Scranton:1888-2008 A Short History |last=Homer |first=Frank X. J. |date=September 2009 |work=University of Scranton Archives |access-date=19 October 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref><ref name=":32">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/clippings/id/34983/rec/195 |title=Acts of Faith: Founded in 1888, University of Scranton Celebrates its 125th Anniversary - Put Your Shoulder to the Wheel |last=Hall |first=Sarah Hofius |date=1 December 2013 |work=Scranton Sunday Times |access-date=19 October 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref>

The Drama Club began productions in 1893. ''The Aquinas'' began as a literary monthly in 1915, furnishing also a yearbook edition, evolving into a student newspaper in 1931, and by the 21st century adding a web edition. The current ''Windhover'' yearbook was first published in 1948 and named for the bird's loyalty to its master. The Glee Club dates to 1925. In 1931 the college band began playing at sports events and presenting a spring concert.<ref name=":02" /> Three members of the university faculty began producing ''Best Sellers: The Semi-Monthly Book Review'' in 1941; it remained in print until 1987.<ref>{{cite web |title=Best Sellers |url=https://digitalservices.scranton.edu/digital/custom/bestsellers |website=The University of Scranton Digital Collections |access-date=20 March 2021}}</ref>

In 1942 governance of the University of Scranton passed over to the Society of Jesuits. In 1944 [[Scranton Preparatory School]] was founded, with its first quarters in a former private hospital building; it moved to its present location in 1963 and became independent of the university in 1978.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":152">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/p9000coll7/id/3437/rec/23 |title=The Jesuit Years: The War and Beyond |last=Homer |first=Frank, X.J. |date=1988 |work=The University of Scranton: A Centennial History |access-date=14 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref><ref name=":112">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p9000coll7/id/3436 |title=The End of an Era: 1940-1942 |last=Homer |first=Frank X. J. |date=1988 |work=The University of Scranton: A Centennial History |access-date=9 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref>

With the influx of veterans after [[World War II]], three barracks were constructed on the former Scranton Estate and served as classroom space over the following 15 years.<ref name=":32" /><ref name=":102" /> After 1946 the athletic teams ceased to be the Tomcats and were called the Royals after the purple color of their uniforms. The Graduate School opened in 1950, soon adding programs in [[Education]], [[Business administration|Business Administration]], [[Chemistry]], [[History]], and [[English literature|English]]; all admitted women from the start. In 1951 an [[Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps|Army ROTC]] unit was established and made obligatory for non-veterans through freshman and sophomore years.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/clippings/id/51025/rec/5 |title=Approve ROTC At University: Four-Year Courses Begin in September |date=9 January 1951 |work=Scranton Tribune |access-date=16 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref><ref name=":02" />

=== Decade of expansion ===
An expansion plan, beginning at $5,000,000, produced fifteen new buildings between 1956 and 1966, with Loyola Hall of Science in 1956 and the first residence halls for students in 1958: Casey, Fitch, Martin, and McCourt. Three years later Denis Edward, Hafey, Lynett, and Hannan residence halls were added.<ref name=":182">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/p9000coll7/id/3438/rec/1 |title=The Decade of the Builder: John J. Long, S.J. (1953-1963) |last=Homer |first=Frank X.J. |date=1988 |work=The University of Scranton: A Centennial History |access-date=18 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref> With the death of Worthington Scranton in 1958, the university acquired the remainder of his properties.<ref name=":122">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/clippings/id/8960 |title=Scranton Estate Presented to University by its Owner: Palatial Residence and Grounds on Ridge Row, Lots and Houses Facing On Platt Place, and Other Parcels On Linden Street Included In Gift From Prominent Industrialist |date=19 November 1941 |work=Scranton Times |access-date=31 October 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref> Alumni Memorial Library was completed in 1960<ref name=":192">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/clippings/id/33811 |title=Two Looks at University's Library Building Project |date=30 September 1959 |work=Scranton Times |access-date=28 October 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref> and Gunster Memorial Student Center in 1961, including the 400-seat Eagen Auditorium. In 1962 the five-storey classroom building St. Thomas Hall was built, which included [[Ignatius of Loyola|St. Ignatius Loyola]] Chapel. At this time the original Wyoming Avenue properties were completely vacated.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/ui/custom/default/collection/coll_p9000coll7/resources/custompages/presidents/biographies.php#long |title=Short Biographies of the Former Presidents of St. Thomas College and the University of Scranton - The Very Reverend John J. Long, S.J. (1899-1971) President: 1953-1963 |last=Homer |first=Frank X.J. |date=2015 |work=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |access-date=18 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Weinberg Memorial Library Digital Services Collections}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/aquinas/id/3689 |title='Old Main' Cornerstone Transferred to Wall of St. Thomas Hall |date=September 1962 |work=The Aquinas |access-date=18 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton}}</ref> New construction extended to Driscoll and Nevils residence halls in 1965, raising on-campus housing to 650 male students.<ref name=":182" /> In 1967 the first varsity athletic center was completed and named after former president John J. Long who had led the building campaign over more than a decade.<ref name=":222">{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/clippings/id/25763 |title=Proud of Past, U of S Eyes Future: 'Phys Ed' Course To Be Centered In Field House |last=Kelly |first=Jack |date=2 July 1966 |work=Scranton Times |access-date=31 October 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/ref/collection/clippings/id/25027 |title=Tribute to Former President: John J. Long Center Erected At Scranton U. |date=7 March 1968 |work=Catholic Light |access-date=18 November 2016 |publisher=University of Scranton Archive & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref><ref name=":02" />

''Esprit'', the university's review of arts and letters, first appeared in 1958 and [[Flannery O'Connor]], friend of a Jesuit, visited the campus to help get it launched.<ref name=":02" />

===Late 20th century===
After campus protests against the [[Vietnam War]] in the late 1960s, participation in the ROTC became voluntary in 1969.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4474/rec/3 |title=ROTC Made Completely Voluntary, Col. Lawhon Comments on Change |date=6 October 1969 |work=The Aquinas |volume=42 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=3}}</ref> The same year other regulations were changed: the requirement that students wear coat and tie to class was dropped,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4379/rec/39 |title=Coat & Tie Regulation Revised, Dean Regards Issue Ludicrous |date=22 January 1969 |work=The Aquinas |volume=41 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=7}}</ref> students of age were allowed to drink in the dormitories,<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4379/rec/39 |title=Dorm Drinking O.K. If You're Twenty-One |date=22 January 1969 |work=The Aquinas |volume=41 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=7}}</ref> and only underclassmen with failing grades were subject to a curfew.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4348/rec/4 |title=Checks Reorganized, Responsibility Urged |date=31 October 1968 |work=The Aquinas |volume=41 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=4}}</ref> After 1970 females could visit male dormitories until 10:00&nbsp;p.m. on weekdays and 2:00&nbsp;a.m. on weekends.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4357/rec/5 |title=Dorm Doors Open to Female Visitors |date=15 November 1968 |work=The Aquinas |volume=41 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=5}}</ref> The common core curriculum added options after 1970.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4598/rec/328 |title=Currciulum Revision Wins Approval, New Credit Distribution Explained |date=12 November 1970 |work=The Aquinas |volume=43 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=5}}</ref>

In 1966 a university senate was established, whereby faculty and administrators, and later student representatives, could make recommendations to the [[board of trustees]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/clippings/id/25464/rec/1 |title=Staff Set To Expand U of S Role |date=4 December 1966 |work=Scranton Times |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections}}</ref> Until 1969 the Jesuit community exercised ownership of the university. In 1969 lay members were first admitted to a newly independent Board of Trustees.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4379/rec/11 |title=President Discusses U. of S. Future |date=22 January 1969 |work=The Aquinas |volume=41 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://digitalservices.scranton.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/aquinas/id/4578/rec/16 |title=The Board of Trustees |date=28 September 1970 |work=The Aquinas |volume=43 |access-date=8 May 2017 |publisher=University of Scranton Archives & Helen Gallagher McHugh Special Collections |issue=2}}</ref> While women had been admitted to evening school and summer classes since 1938, it was only in 1972 that they were first admitted to the College of Arts and Science. Fitch Hall, the first women's residence, opened that fall.<ref name=":02" />

Linden Street was closed to form the university commons in 1980 and sculptures were added to beautify the campus: Jacob and the Angel (1982), [[Ignatius of Loyola]] and fountain (1988), and Christ the Teacher (1998). The World Premiere Composition Series began performing new works by composers in 1984 and has continued this annual showcase.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://thetimes-tribune.com/college-corner/university-of-scranton/world-premiere-composition-series-concert-celebrates-the-life-of-chris-nelhybel-1.1311683 |title=World premiere Composition Series Concert celebrates the life of Chris Nelhybel |last=Correspondent |first=By Rosa Todaro, University of Scranton Student |access-date=2017-07-25 |language=en-US}}</ref> During the 16-year presidency of Jesuit priest [[Joseph A. Panuska]], two capital campaigns enabled the construction of [[Joseph A. Panuska#Campus improvements and new buildings|major new buildings]], including the Byron Recreational Complex (1986), Hyland classroom building (1988), [[Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Foundation|Harry and Jeanette Weinberg]]&nbsp;Memorial Library (1992), and McDade Center for the Performing Arts (1993).  Upon Panuska's departure, the Board of Trustees renamed in his honor the College of Health, Education, and Human Resources which he had founded in 1987.<ref name=":02" />

=== Twenty-first century ===
In 2000 the Kania School of Management moved to the new, five-storey hall named for John E. Brennan ‘68. The Department of Physical Therapy, founded in 1980, became in 2004 the university's first doctoral program, receiving [[Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education|CAPTE]] certification in 2007. In fall 2011, the new Loyola Science Center added 22 class and seminar rooms and 34 laboratories.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.scranton.edu/academics/sciencecenter/index.shtml |title=Loyola Science Center {{!}} Academics {{!}} The University of Scranton|website=www.scranton.edu|language=en |access-date=2017-07-25}}</ref> Pilarz and Montrone halls on Mulberry Street provided more fitness space, a dining area, and apartment-style units to accommodate 400 juniors and seniors. In 2015 Leahy Hall was dedicated to accommodate the area of physical therapy.<ref name=":02" />

In 1942 the university was primarily a commuter school with fewer than 1,000 students. By 2015 it had come to serve a wide region with an enrollment of approximately 5,500 students in undergraduate, graduate, and nontraditional programs. The university's strategic plan for 2015-2020 looks to build on the Jesuit heritage with education that is "engaged, integrated, global".&nbsp;<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.scranton.edu/about/history/our-history.shtml |title=History of The University {{!}} History {{!}} About Us|website=www.scranton.edu|language=en |access-date=2017-07-25}}</ref>