Editing University of Liverpool (section)

==History==
===University College Liverpool===
The university was established in 1881 as College Liverpool, admitting its first students in 1882.<ref name="UnivLiverpoolHistory">{{cite web|url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/history/ |title=History of the University |access-date=10 September 2007 |date=27 March 2007 |publisher=University of Liverpool |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902011543/http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/history/ |archive-date=2 September 2007}}</ref> In 1884, it became part of the federal [[Victoria University (United Kingdom)|Victoria University]]. In 1894 [[Oliver Lodge]], a professor at the university, made the world's first public [[Wireless|radio transmission]] and two years later took the first surgical [[X-ray]] in the United Kingdom.<ref name="history.htm">{{cite web|url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/history.htm|title=A brief history of the University – University of Liverpool|access-date=12 May 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511032424/http://www.liv.ac.uk/about/history.htm|archive-date=11 May 2009}}</ref> The [[Liverpool University Press]] was founded in 1899, making it the third-oldest [[university press]] in England. Students in this period were awarded external degrees by the [[University of London]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Student lists |url=http://www.senatehouselibrary.ac.uk/our-collections/historic-collections/archives-manuscripts/university-of-london-student-records-1836-1931/ |url-status=dead |access-date=11 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914105055/http://www.shl.lon.ac.uk/specialcollections/archives/studentrecords.shtml |archive-date=14 September 2010}}</ref>

===University status===
[[File:Victoria Building, University of Liverpool 2019.jpg|thumb|left|The centrepiece of the university estate, the [[Victoria Building, University of Liverpool|Victoria Building]], opened in 1892 as the first purpose built facility for the university. The building was the inspiration for the term "red brick university" which was coined by [[Edgar Allison Peers]].]]
[[File:Quadrangle, University of Liverpool (2).jpg|thumb|left|The Quadrangle, University of Liverpool]]
Following a [[royal charter]] and [[act of Parliament]] in 1903, it became an independent university (the University of Liverpool) with the right to confer its own degrees. The next few years saw major developments at the university, including Sir [[Charles Sherrington]]'s discovery of the [[synapse]] and William Blair-Bell's work on [[chemotherapy]] in the treatment of cancer. In the 1930s to 1940s Sir [[James Chadwick]] and Sir [[Joseph Rotblat]] made major contributions to the development of the [[atomic bomb]].<ref name=history.htm/> From 1943 to 1966 [[Allan Watt Downie|Allan Downie]], Professor of Bacteriology, was involved in the eradication of [[smallpox]].

In 1994, the university was a founding member of the [[Russell Group]], a collaboration of twenty leading research-intensive universities, as well as a founding member of the [[N8 Group]] in 2004. In the 21st century physicists, engineers and technicians from the University of Liverpool were involved in the construction of the [[Large Hadron Collider]] at [[CERN]], working on two of the four detectors in the LHC.<ref>[http://www.liv.ac.uk/news/press_releases/2008/09/CERN.htm Accessed 12 May 2009]. Liverpool University. Retrieved on 14 September 2011.{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913004239/http://www.liv.ac.uk/news/press_releases/2008/09/CERN.htm |date=13 September 2008}}</ref>

In 2004, Sylvan Learning, later known as Laureate International Universities, became the worldwide partner for University of Liverpool online.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uol.ohecampus.com/laureate/upload/file/PDF/press_releases_7_name_change.pdf|title=Laureate Online Education and K.I.T. eLearning B.V., the eLearning partner of the University of Liverpool, announce name change.}}</ref> In 2019, it was announced that Kaplan Open Learning, part of [[Kaplan, Inc]], would be the new partner for the University of Liverpool's online programmes.<ref name="news.liverpool.ac.uk"/> Laureate continued to provide some teaching provision for existing students until 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/aqsd/collaborative-provision/laureate/|title=Laureate Online Education|access-date=11 November 2019|archive-date=30 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130125636/https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/aqsd/collaborative-provision/laureate/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The university has produced ten Nobel Prize winners, from the fields of science, medicine, economics and [[peace]]. The Nobel laureates include the physician [[Sir Ronald Ross]], physicist [[Charles Barkla]], physicist [[Martin Lewis Perl]], the physiologist [[Sir Charles Sherrington]], physicist [[Sir James Chadwick]], chemist [[Robert Robinson (organic chemist)|Sir Robert Robinson]], chemist [[Har Gobind Khorana]], physiologist [[Rodney Porter]], economist [[Ronald Coase]] and physicist [[Joseph Rotblat]]. [[Sir Ronald Ross]] was also the first British Nobel laureate in 1902. The university is also associated with [[Ronald Finn]] and Sir [[Cyril Clarke]] who jointly won the [[Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award|Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award]] in 1980 and Sir [[David Weatherall]] who won the [[Lasker-Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science]] in 2010. These [[Lasker Award]]s are popularly known as America's [[Nobel Prize|Nobel]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/|title=Awards {{!}} The Lasker Foundation|website=The Lasker Foundation|access-date=29 September 2016}}</ref>

Over the 2013/2014 academic year, members of staff took part in numerous strikes after staff were offered a pay rise of 1% which [[Trade union|unions]] equated to a 13% pay cut since 2008. The strikes were supported by both the university's Guild of Students and the [[National Union of Students (United Kingdom)|National Union of Students]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Akkoc |first=Raziye |title=Liverpool students hit by second lecturers pay strike |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/liverpool-students-hit-second-lecturers-6364894 |work=Liverpool Echo |date=3 December 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref> Some students at the university supported the strike, occupying buildings on campus.<ref>{{cite news |last=Trew |first=Alannah |title=Liverpool students occupy campus buildings in solidarity with staff strikes |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/student/news/liverpool-students-occupy-campus-buildings-in-solidarity-with-staff-strikes-8983401.html |work=The Independent |date=4 December 2013 |access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref>