Editing University of Dublin (section)

==History==
{{see also|Trinity College Dublin#History}}

The University of Dublin was modelled on the [[University of Oxford]] and the [[University of Cambridge]] as a [[collegiate university]], Trinity College being named by [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]] as the ''mater universitatis'' ("mother of the university").  The founding charter also conferred a general power on the college to make provision for university functions to be carried out. So, for example, the charter while naming the first provost of the college, the first fellows ("in place of many') and the first scholars, in addition named [[William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley|The 1st Baron Burghley]] to be the first [[Chancellor (education)|chancellor]] of the university. No other college has ever been established, and Trinity remains the sole constituent college of the university. The project of establishing another college within the university was seriously considered on at least two occasions, but the required finance or endowment was never available.

The most recent authoritative statement of the position is in the Universities Act 1997. The section relating to interpretation specifies:

{{blockquote|"3.—(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—

'Trinity College' means the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin established by charter dated the 3rd day of March, 1592, and shall be held to include the University of Dublin save where the context otherwise requires in accordance with the charters and letters patent relating to Trinity College;

...

'the University of Dublin' means the university established by the charters and letters patent incorporating Trinity College and which said university is further provided for by the letters patent of the 24th day of July 1857;"}}

[[Queen Victoria]] issued the  [[letters patent]] in 1857 giving formal legal foundation to the senate, and other authorities specific to the university.  Subsequently, in a remarkable High Court case of 1898, the provost, fellows and scholars of Trinity were the claimants and the chancellor, doctors and masters of the University of Dublin were among the defendants, and the court held that Trinity College and the University of Dublin "are one body".<ref name="HighCourt">Dublin: The High Court of Justice of Ireland, as published by Trinity College Dublin in Volume II of ''Chartae et Statuta Collegii Sacrosanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin'', 1898, pages 507–536, in re ''The Provost, Fellows and Scholars of Trinity College, Dublin v. the Attorney General, the Chancellor, Doctors and Masters of the University of Dublin and the Trustees and Executors of the will of the late Richard Tuohill Reid'', holding that Trinity College and the University of Dublin "are one body."</ref>  The judge noted pointedly (referring to the then recent founding of [[University College Dublin]]) that "[t]he advisers of Queen Victoria knew how to incorporate a University when they meant to do so"<ref name="HighCourt" /> and that the letters patent dealt with "not the incorporation of the University of Dublin but of its Senate merely".

Notwithstanding, the statutes of the university and the college<ref name="statutes">{{cite web |url= https://www.tcd.ie/registrar/statutes/ |title= The 2010 Consolidated Statutes of Trinity College Dublin and of the University of Dublin |access-date= 17 September 2016 |archive-date= 14 October 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161014050711/https://www.tcd.ie/registrar/statutes/ |url-status= live }}</ref> grant the university separate corporate legal rights to own property, borrow money, employ staff, and also enable it to sue and be sued as occurred in the case referred to above. To date the other rights have not been exercised. Current officers of the university are either unpaid and purely honorary (chancellor, pro-chancellor), or have duties relating to the college also, for which they are paid, but by the college (the proctors, the registrar, the mace bearer).

Some of the legal definitions and differences between college and university were discussed in the reform of the university and college in the Charters and Letters Patent Amendment Bill,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/bills/bill/1997/P1/ |title=The Trinity College Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Bill, 1997 |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214149/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?DocID=5221&&CatID=59&StartDate=01%20January%201997&OrderAscending=0Charters |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/bills28/bills/1997/P197/tr060799.pdf |title=The Trinity College Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Bill, 1997-Minutes of Evidence 06/06/1999 – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214208/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2Fbills28%2Fbills%2F1997%2FP197%2Ftr060799.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/bills28/bills/1997/P197/tr071299.doc |title=The Trinity College Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Bill, 1997-Minutes of Evidence 07/12/1999 – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214303/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2Fbills28%2Fbills%2F1997%2FP197%2Ftr071299.doc |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/bills28/bills/1997/P197/tr150200.pdf |title=The Trinity College Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Bill, 1997-Minutes of Evidence 15/02/2000 – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214324/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2Fbills28%2Fbills%2F1997%2FP197%2Ftr150200.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/bills28/bills/1997/P197/tr010300.pdf |title=The Trinity College Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Bill, 1997-Minutes of Evidence 01/03/2000 – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604214433/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2Fbills28%2Fbills%2F1997%2FP197%2Ftr010300.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> which later became law,<ref>{{Cite Irish legislation|year=2000|type=prv|number=1|name=The Trinity College, Dublin (Charters and Letters Patent Amendment) Act 2000|date=6 November 2000|access-date=10 April 2022|archive-date=23 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823101804/http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2000/prv/1/enacted/en/print|url-status=live}}</ref> but many of the college contributions to this were unclear or not comprehensive, possibly because it concerned an internal dispute within college as to outside interference and also as misconduct by college authorities in overseeing voting, which led to a [[visitor]]'s enquiry which in turn found problems with the voting procedures and ordered a repeat ballot. Further contributions on the relationship between college and university can be found in submissions to the Oireachtas on reform of [[Seanad Éireann]], the [[upper house]] of the Irish [[Oireachtas]], since the university elects members to that body),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/documents/committees29thdail/subcomonseanadreform/Report_on_Reform_of_the_Seanad.pdf |title=m84359-Seanad reform rep |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110105022737/http://www.oireachtas.ie/documents/committees29thdail/subcomonseanadreform/Report_on_Reform_of_the_Seanad.pdf |archive-date=5 January 2011 |url-status=dead  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/Committees29thDail/subcomonseanadreform/AllsubmissionsIndexAppendix.doc |title=All Submissions Index and Appendix – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=14 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414033446/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2FCommittees29thDail%2Fsubcomonseanadreform%2FAllsubmissionsIndexAppendix.doc |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/Committees29thDail/subcomonseanadreform/submissionschapter1.doc |title=All Submissions Nominating Bodies – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=14 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414034002/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2FCommittees29thDail%2Fsubcomonseanadreform%2Fsubmissionschapter1.doc |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/Committees29thDail/subcomonseanadreform/submissionschapter2.doc |title=All Submissions Educational Institutions – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=3 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180103193525/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2FCommittees29thDail%2Fsubcomonseanadreform%2Fsubmissionschapter2.doc |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/Committees29thDail/subcomonseanadreform/submissionschapter5.doc |title=All Submissions Public Representatives – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=14 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414034048/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2FCommittees29thDail%2Fsubcomonseanadreform%2Fsubmissionschapter5.doc |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/Committees29thDail/subcomonseanadreform/submissionschapter6.doc |title=All Submissions Members of the Public – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=14 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414034059/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2FCommittees29thDail%2Fsubcomonseanadreform%2Fsubmissionschapter6.doc |url-status=live }}</ref> and in particular the verbal submission of the provost.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/Committees29thDail/subcomonseanadreform/scsf180903.rtf |title=Sub-committee on Seanad Reform – 18 September 2003. – Tithe an Oireachtais |publisher=Oireachtas.ie |access-date=28 April 2010 |archive-date=14 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414034205/http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=%2Fdocuments%2FCommittees29thDail%2Fsubcomonseanadreform%2Fscsf180903.rtf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Traditionally, sport clubs also use the name "Dublin University", rather than "Trinity College".<ref>{{cite web |title=Dublin University Central Athletic Club - DUCAC |url=https://www.tcd.ie/Sport/student-sport/ducac/ |website=[[Trinity College Dublin]]}}</ref>

The coat of arms bearing the seal was officially assigned to the University Senate on 28 March 1862. The original seal contained the Latin text ''Senatus Universitatis Dubliniensis''.<ref>{{cite web |title=National Library of Ireland |url=https://catalogue.nli.ie |website=[[National Library of Ireland]]}}</ref>