Editing Tuscarora Reservation (section)

== History ==
=== Precontact to 18th century ===
The Tuscarora tribe had migrated in ancient times from the [[New York (state)|New York]] area to the South, where they were based in the Carolinas.  After an extended conflict with European settlers and other Native Americans at the beginning of the 18th century and defeat in the [[Tuscarora War]], most of the tribe migrated North, beginning in 1722.

=== 19th century ===
They first located in the territory of the [[Oneida tribe]] in central New York. By 1765, they declared their tribe fully relocated and said that remnant Tuscarora who stayed in the South would no longer be considered part of the tribe. The Tuscarora and Oneida became allies of the American Continental cause during the [[American Revolution]], and of the United States during the [[War of 1812]].  During both wars, they suffered attacks by British armed forces and their First Nations allies in central [[New York (state)|New York]].  The [[Tuscarora people|Tuscarora]] were given land from the [[Seneca tribe]] (territory which they had taken from the [[Neutral Nation]] in the [[Beaver Wars]] of the mid-17th century) in 1797. In 1803, the US government granted the Tuscarora a reservation in Niagara County.

[[University at Buffalo]] head football coach [[Frank Mount Pleasant]] was born on the reservation in 1884.

=== 20th century ===
[[Image:Chief pelers tuscarora tribe.jpg|thumb|200px|Casper Peters, Tuscarora Tribe]]
In 1960, through the efforts of the powerful appointed official, [[Robert Moses]] of [[New York City]], [[New York State]] seized {{convert|550|acre|km2}} of the Tuscarora reservation to form a reservoir for the [[Robert Moses Niagara Power Plant]] operated by the [[New York Power Authority]]. New York needed {{convert|1350|acres|km2}} but only received {{convert|550|acre|km2}} and had to pay $1,500 per acre per a [[United States Supreme Court]] Decision.<ref>http://www.niagarafrontier.com/power.html#Moses Niagara Falls History of Power</ref> This led to a displacement of tribal members and a serious disruption to their economy.  After a lengthy court case and appeals, in 2003, the Power Authority agreed to compensate the tribe financially and return some unused land.

=== 21st century ===
On October 26, 2019, it was reported that a Niagara Power Project lost more than 600 acres when Robert Moses flooded the land to create a reservoir. From that time on the Reservation experienced and continues to experience a [[water scarcity|water shortage]] with the reservation now sitting on top of the highest point in Niagara.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niagara-gazette.com/opinion/guest-view-water-crisis-remains-on-tuscarora-reservation/article_45224217-e827-5005-a570-7d83c6c3dada.html|title = GUEST VIEW: Water crisis remains on Tuscarora Reservation| date=26 October 2019 }}</ref> " In 2012, 14 out of 15 wells tested positive for lead; 139 wells were tested for harmful bacteria and 69% tested positive for Total Coliforms, while 22% came back positive for E. coli."