Editing Turpentine (section)

== Etymology ==
The word ''turpentine'' derives (via [[French language|French]] and [[Latin]]) from the [[Greek language|Greek]] word, ''τερεβινθίνη'', ''terebinthine'' in English, in turn the feminine form (to conform to the [[Grammatical gender|feminine gender]] of the Greek word, which means 'resin') of an adjective (τερεβίνθινος) derived from the Greek noun (τερέβινθος) for the [[terebinth]] tree.<ref>{{cite book | last=Barnhart | first=R. K. | title=The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology | location=New York | publisher=Harper Collins | year=1995 | isbn=0-06-270084-7}}</ref>

Although the word originally referred to the resinous exudate of terebinth trees (e.g. [[Pistacia lentiscus|Chios turpentine]], [[Cyprus turpentine]], and [[Pistacia atlantica|Persian turpentine]]),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Skeat |first=Walter W. |url=https://archive.org/details/conciseetymologi002983mbp/page/579/mode/2up |title=A Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1882 |location=Oxford, UK |pages=579}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mills |first1=John S. |last2=White |first2=Raymond |date=1977 |title=Natural Resins of Art and Archaeology Their Sources, Chemistry, and Identification |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1505670 |journal=Studies in Conservation |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=12–31 |doi=10.2307/1505670 |issn=0039-3630 |jstor=1505670}}</ref> it now refers to that of [[conifer]]ous trees, namely [[crude turpentine]] (e.g. Venice turpentine is the [[oleoresin]] of [[larch]]),<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mahood |first=S. A. |date=1921-03-01 |title=Larch (Venice) Turpentine from Western Larch (Larix occidentalis) |url=https://academic.oup.com/jof/article-abstract/19/3/274/4752261 |journal=Journal of Forestry |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=274–282 |doi=10.1093/jof/19.3.274 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024<!-- reported to DOI on 2025-01-27 --> |issn=0022-1201}}</ref> or the [[volatile oil]] part thereof, namely oil (spirit) of turpentine; the latter usage is much more common today.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Turpentine |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/turpentine |access-date=2022-03-02 |website=Britannica}}</ref>