Editing Transylvania (section)

==Etymology==
{{Main|Historical names of Transylvania}}

The earliest known reference to Transylvania appears in a [[Medieval Latin]] document of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1078 as {{lang|la|ultra silvam}}, meaning "beyond the forest" ({{lang|la|ultra}} meaning "beyond" or "on the far side of" and the [[accusative case]] of {{lang|la|sylva}} ({{lang|la|sylvam}}) "woods, forest"). Transylvania, with an alternative Latin prepositional prefix, means "on the other side of the woods". The Medieval Latin form {{Lang|la-x-medieval|Ultrasylvania}}, later {{Lang|la-x-medieval|Transylvania}}, was a direct translation from the [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] form {{lang|hu|Erdő-elve}}, later {{lang|hu|Erdély}}, which has been adopted phonetically into Romanian as {{lang|ro|Ardeal}}.<ref name=engel>Engel, Pál (2001). ''Realm of St. Stephen: History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526 (International Library of Historical Studies)'', p. 24, London: I.B. Taurus. {{ISBN|1-86064-061-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Pop|first=Ion-Aurel|trans-title=The Medieval History of Transylvania: from the Romanian Ethnogenesis until Michael the Brave|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/30886268/Istoria-Transilvaniei-Medievale|title=Istoria Transilvaniei Medievale: De la Etnogeneza Romanilor pana la Mihai Viteazul|accessdate=2013-10-03 |year=1997|language=ro}}</ref> That also was used as an alternative name in [[Middle High German|German]] {{lang|gmh|überwald}} ("beyond the forest") (13th–14th centuries) and [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] {{lang|uk|Залісся}} ({{lang|uk-Latn|Zalissia}}).

Historical names of Transylvania are:
* {{langx|bg|Седмиградско|Sedmigradsko}}, {{lang|bg|Трансилвания}} {{lang|bg-Latn|Transilvanija}}
* {{langx|hr|Sedmogradska}}, {{lang|hr|Erdelj}} (hist.), {{lang|hu|Transilvanija}}
* {{langx|de|Siebenbürgen}} ({{IPA|de|ziːbm̩ˈbʏʁɡŋ̍||De-Siebenbürgen.ogg}}), {{lang|de|Transsilvanien}}
* {{langx|hu|Erdély}} ({{IPA|hu|ˈɛrdeːj|}})
* {{langx|la|Ultrasilvania}}, {{lang|la|Transsilvania}}
* {{langx|pl|Siedmiogród}}, {{lang|pl|Transylwania}}
* {{langx|rom|Transilvaniya}}
* {{langx|ro|Ardeal}} ({{IPA|ro|arˈde̯al|}}), {{lang|ro|Transilvania}} ({{IPA|ro|transilˈvani.a|}})
* {{langx|ru|Трансильвания|Transil'vaniya}}, {{lang|ru|Седмиградье}}
* {{langx|sr|Ердељ/Erdelj}}, {{langx|sr|Трансилванија/Transilvanija}}
* {{langx|sk|Ardieľ, Sedmohradsko}}
* [[Transylvanian Saxon dialect|Transylvanian Saxon]]: ''Siweberjen''
* {{langx|tr|Erdel}}
* {{langx|uk|Семигород|Semyhorod}}, {{lang|uk|Залісся}} {{lang|uk-Latn|Zalissiya}}, {{lang|uk|Трансильванія}} {{lang|uk-Latn|Transyl'vaniya}}
* {{langx|yi|זיבנבערגן|Zibnbergn}}, {{lang|yi|זימבערגן}} {{lang|yi-Latn|Zimbergn}}, {{lang|yi|טראַנסילוואַניע}} {{lang|yi-Latn|Transilvanye}}
* The German name {{lang|de|Siebenbürgen}} means "seven castles", after the seven ([[ethnic German]]) [[Transylvanian Saxons]]' cities in the region. This is also the origin of the region's name in many other languages, such as the [[Croatian language|Croatian]] {{lang|hr|Sedmogradska}}, the [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] {{lang|bg|Седмиградско}} ({{lang|bg-Latn|Sedmigradsko}}), [[Polish language|Polish]] {{lang|pl|Siedmiogród}}, [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] {{lang|yi|זיבנבערגן}} ({{lang|yi-Latn|Zibnbergn}}), and [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] {{lang|uk|Семигород}} ({{lang|uk-Latn|Semyhorod}}).
* The Hungarian form {{lang|hu|Erdély}} was first mentioned in the 12th-century {{lang|la|[[Gesta Hungarorum]]|italic=yes}} as {{lang|hu|Erdeuleu}} (in modern script {{lang|hu|Erdeüleü}}) or {{lang|hu|Erdő-elve}}. The word {{lang|hu|erdő}} means forest in Hungarian, and the word {{lang|hu|elve}} denotes a region in connection with this, similarly to the Hungarian name for Muntenia ({{lang|hu|Havas-elve}}, or land lying ahead of the snow-capped mountains).  {{lang|ota-Latn|Erdel}}, {{lang|ota-Latn|Erdil}}, {{lang|ota-Latn|Erdelistan}} are derived from Hungarian {{lang|hu|Erdély}}.
* An occurrence of the form ''Ardeliu'' in a [[Church Slavonic]] document written by a Romanian chancellery is attested in 1432. The Romanian {{lang|ro|Ardeal}} is derived from the Hungarian {{lang|hu|Erdély}}.<ref name=Ardeliu>{{Cite journal |last=Pascu |first=Ștefan |title=Voievodatul Transilvaniei |volume=I |year=1972 |page=22 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Kristó |first=Gyula |title=A korai Erdély |publisher=Szegedi Középkorász Műhely |year=2002 |isbn=9634825583 |page=24 |trans-title=The early Transylvania}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Drăganu |first=Nicolae |url=https://documente.bcucluj.ro/web/bibdigit/periodice/anuarulinstitutuluideistorienationala/1923/BCUCLUJ_FP_BALP_42_1923_002_001.pdf |title=Anuarul Institutului de Istorie Națională |year=1924 |volume=II |location=[[Bucharest]] |page=237}}</ref>