Editing Trabzon (section)

==Name==
[[File:Trapezus.png|thumb|left|160px|Coin of Trapezous from the 4th century BC in the [[British Museum]]. The coin promotes the colonial Greek city as a 'table of plenty'.]]

The Turkish name of the city is Trabzon. The first recorded name of the city is the Greek {{lang|grc|Tραπεζοῦς}} ('''{{lang|grc-Latn|Trapezous}}'''), referencing the table-like central hill between the Zağnos (İskeleboz) and Kuzgun streams on which it was founded (''{{lang|grc|τράπεζα}}'' meant "table" in [[Ancient Greek language|Ancient Greek]]; note the table on the coin in the figure). In [[Latin]], Trabzon is called ''{{lang|grc-Latn|Trapezus}}'', which is a [[latinization (literature)|latinization]] of its ancient Greek name. Both in [[Pontic Greek language|Pontic Greek]] and [[Modern Greek]], it is called {{lang|el|Τραπεζούντα}} ('''{{lang|el-Latn|Trapezounta}}'''). In [[Ottoman Turkish language|Ottoman Turkish]] and [[Persian language|Persian]], it is written as {{lang|fa|طربزون}}. During Ottoman times, ''Tara Bozan'' was also used.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rRgYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA217 Campbell, Lawrence Dundas, ''The Asiatic annual register, or, A View of the history of Hindustan, and of the Politics, Commerce, Literature of Asia'', London 1802 Page 3, Google books link]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=KNwuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA96 Malte-Brun, Conrad, ''Universal geography: or a description of all parts of the world ...'', Volume 2 Google Books]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_53iqKU0A5gC&pg=PA92|title=The modern traveller, a popular description geographical, historical, and topographical of the varieus countries of the globe|date=14 January 2018|publisher=J. Dunkan|access-date=14 January 2018|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7DwNAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR23|title=Die Erdkunde im Verhältniss zur Natur und zur Geschichte des Menschen: oder Allgemeine, vergleichende Geographie, als sichere Grundlage des Studiums und Unterrichts in physikalischen und historischen Wissenschaften|first=Carl|last=Ritter|date=14 January 2018|publisher=G. Reimer|isbn=9783111959979|access-date=14 January 2018|via=Google Books}}</ref> In [[Laz language|Laz]] it is known as {{lang|lzz|ტამტრა}} (''T'amt'ra'') or ''T'rap'uzani'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lazuri.com/lazuri_ceviri/index.php|title=Türkçe Lazca sözlük / Çeviri / Online Çeviri / Lazuri.Com|last=Y.Dutxuri|website=www.Lazuri.com|access-date=14 January 2018}}</ref> in [[Georgian language|Georgian]] it is {{lang|ka|ტრაპიზონი}} (''T'rap'izoni'') and in [[Armenian language|Armenian]] it is {{lang|hy|[[wikt:Տրապիզոն|Տրապիզոն]]}} (''Trapizon''). The 19th-century Armenian travelling priest Byjiskian called the city by other, native names, including ''Hurşidabat'' and ''Ozinis''.<ref>Özhan Öztürk claims that Ozinis means "flat place" in Laz language and Hurşidabat means "City of the Sun" in Persian/Ottoman language. [http://www.yeniansiklopedi.com/pontus-anticag%e2%80%99dan-gunumuze-karadeniz%e2%80%99in-etnik-ve-siyasi-tarihi/ Pontus: Antik Çağ’dan Günümüze Karadeniz’in Etnik ve Siyasi Tarihi Genesis Yayınları. Ankara, 2011]. pp. 547–549 {{ISBN|978-605-54-1017-9}}</ref>  Western geographers and writers used many spelling variations of the name throughout the Middle Ages. These versions of the name, which have incidentally been used in English literature as well, include: ''Trebizonde'' ([[French language|Fr.]]), ''Trapezunt'' ([[German language|German]]), ''Trebisonda'' ([[Spanish language|Sp.]]), ''Trapesunta'' ([[Italian language|It.]]), ''Trapisonda'', ''Tribisonde'', ''Terabesoun'', ''Trabesun'', ''Trabuzan'', ''Trabizond'' and ''Tarabossan''.

In Spanish the name was known from [[chivalric romance]]s and ''[[Don Quixote]]''.
Because of its similarity to {{wikt-lang|es|trápala}} and {{wikt-lang|es|trapaza}},<ref name="DCECH">{{cite book |last1=Corominas |first1=Joan |last2=Pascual |first2=José A. |title=Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico |date=1991 |publisher=Gredos |location=Madrid |isbn=84-249-0879-1 |page=592 |edition=3rd reprint |language=es
|volume = RI-X}}</ref> {{wikt-lang|es|trapisonda}} acquired the meaning "hullabaloo, imbroglio".<ref name="RAE">{{cite book |title=trapisonda en Diccionario de la Real Academia Española |date=2019 |edition=23rd |url=https://dle.rae.es/trapisonda |access-date=24 July 2020 |language=es}}</ref>