Editing Tokamak (section)

== Etymology ==
The word ''tokamak'' is a [[transliteration]] of the [[Russian language|Russian]] word {{lang|ru|токамак}}, an acronym of either:
{{interlinear|lang1=ru|lang2=ru-Latn|transl2=1
|'''то'''роидальная '''ка'''мера с '''ма'''гнитными '''к'''атушками
|'''to'''roidal'naya '''ka'''mera s '''ma'''gnitnymi '''k'''atushkami
|'''to'''roidal '''cha'''mber with '''ma'''gnetic '''c'''oils|}}
or:
{{interlinear|lang1=ru|lang2=ru-Latn|transl2=1
|'''то'''роидальная '''кам'''ера с '''ак'''сиальным магнитным полем
|'''to'''roidal'naya '''kam'''era s '''ak'''sial'nym magnitnym polem
|'''to'''roidal '''cham'''ber with '''ax'''ial magnetic field|}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tokamak |title=Tokamak |work=[[Merriam-Webster]] |date=6 July 2023 }}</ref>

The term "tokamak" was coined in 1957<ref>{{Cite journal |author=[[V.D.Shafranov]] |title=Prospects of screw magnetic systems for TC |journal=Achievements of the Physical Sciences |date=1999 |publisher=[[Lebedev Physical Institute|Russian Academy of Sciences]] |volume=169 |number=7 |page=808 |language=ru}}</ref> by [[Igor Golovin]], a student of academician [[Igor Kurchatov]]. It originally sounded like "tokamag" ("токамаг") — an acronym of the words "''to''roidal ''cha''mber [[Magnetism|magnetic]]" ("''то''роидальная ''ка''мера ''маг''нитная"), but [[Natan Yavlinsky]], the author of the first toroidal system, proposed replacing "-mag" with "-mak" for euphony.<ref>{{cite book |author=A.Y.Pogosov |author2=V.A.Dubkovsky |title=Ionizing radiation: radioecology, physics, technology, protection: textbook for university students |editor=Pogosov A. Yu. |location=Odessa |publisher=Science and Technology |date=2013 |page=343 |isbn=978-966-1552-27-1}}</ref> Later, this name was borrowed by many languages.