Editing Thomas Gold (section)

==Early life==
Gold was born on May 22, 1920, in [[Vienna]], [[Austria]], to Max Gold, a wealthy [[Jewish]] industrialist (pre-war) who ran one of Austria's largest mining and metal fabrication companies, and German former actress Josefine Martin. Following the economic downfall of the European mining industry in the late 1920s, Max Gold moved his family to Berlin, where he had taken a job as director of a metal trading company.<ref name="ODNB">{{Harvnb|Mitton|2004}}.</ref> Following the start of [[Nazi]] leader [[Adolf Hitler]]'s anti-Jewish campaigns  in 1933, Gold and his family left Germany because of his father's heritage. The family travelled through Europe for the next few years. Gold attended [[boarding school]] at the [[Lyceum Alpinum Zuoz]] in [[Zuoz]], [[Switzerland]], where he quickly proved to be a clever, competitive and physically and mentally aggressive individual.<ref name="BMNAS3">{{Harvnb|Burbidge|Burbidge|2006|p=3}}.</ref> Gold finished his schooling at Zuoz in 1938, and fled with his family to [[England]] after the [[Anschluss|German invasion of Austria]] in early 1938. Gold entered [[Trinity College, Cambridge]] in 1939 and began studying mechanical sciences.<ref>{{Harvnb|Burbidge|Burbidge|2006|pp=3–4}}.</ref> In May 1940, just as Hitler was commencing his advance in [[Belgium]] and [[France]], Gold was sent into [[internment]] as an [[enemy alien]] by the British government. It was on the first night of internment, at an army barracks in [[Bury St Edmunds]], that he met his future collaborator and close friend, [[Hermann Bondi]].<ref name="Burbidge4">{{Harvnb|Burbidge|Burbidge|2006|p=4}}.</ref><ref name="Telegraph">{{Harvnb|The Telegraph|2004}}.</ref>

Gold spent most of his nearly 15 months of internment in a camp in Canada, after which he returned to England and reentered Cambridge University, where he abandoned his study of mechanical sciences for [[physics]].<ref name="Burbidge4"/> After graduating with a [[British undergraduate degree classification|pass (Ordinary) degree]] in June 1942, Gold worked briefly as an agricultural [[labourer]] and [[lumberjack]] in northern England before joining Bondi and [[Fred Hoyle]] on naval research into radar ground clutter near [[Dunsfold]], [[Surrey]]. The three men would spend their off-duty hours in "intense and wide-ranging scientific discussion" on topics such as [[cosmology]], [[mathematics]] and [[astrophysics]].<ref name="Tucker">{{Harvnb|Tucker|2004}}.</ref> Within months, Gold was placed in charge of constructing new radar systems. Gold determined how [[landing craft]] could use radar to navigate to the appropriate landing spot on [[Normandy Landings|D-Day]] and also discovered that the German navy had fitted [[submarine snorkel|snorkels]] to its [[U-boat]]s, making them operable underwater while still taking in air from above the surface.<ref name="ODNB"/>