Editing The Residents (section)

==History==

===1965–1972: Origins and Residents Unincorporated===
[[File:Residents-circa-1969.png|thumb|right|The earliest known photograph of the group, circa 1969]]
The artists who became the Residents met in high school in [[Shreveport]], [[Louisiana]], in the early 1960s. Around 1965, they began making their first amateur home tape recordings and making art together with a number of friends. In 1966, intending to join the flourishing [[hippie]] movement, they headed west for San Francisco, but when their truck broke down in [[San Mateo, California|San Mateo]], [[California]], they decided to remain there.<ref>''Theory of Obscurity'' documentary</ref>

While attempting to make a living, the group purchased crude recording equipment and began to refine their recording and editing skills, as well as photography, painting, and anything remotely to do with art that they could afford. The Residents have acknowledged the existence of at least two unreleased reel-to-reel items from this era, titled ''The Ballad of Stuffed Trigger'' and ''Rusty Coathangers for the Doctor''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Strong| first  = Martin Charles| author-link = Martin C. Strong| title = The Great Rock Discography| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2bxf_kPsUucC&q=%22the+ballad+of+stuffed+trigger%22+the+residents&pg=PA1281 | access-date = January 8, 2013| date = October 21, 2004| publisher = [[Canongate Books]]| isbn = 978-1841956152}}</ref> The Cryptic Corporation has confirmed that their archives contain many tapes dating back decades, but because they were recorded before the group officially became the Residents, the band did not consider them part of its discography. However, some of these recordings, along with their demo albums ''The Warner Bros. Album,'' and ''Baby Sex'', would be released on the archival CD ''A Nickle If Your Dick's This Big'' in 2019.

Word of the unnamed group's experimentation spread, and in 1969 British guitarist and multi-instrumentalist Philip Lithman, later known as [[Snakefinger]], began to participate with them.<ref>{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p98827|label=Phil Lithman}}</ref> Around this time they also met the mysterious (and perhaps apocryphal) [[N. Senada]], whom Lithman had picked up during an expedition in [[Bavaria]]. The two Europeans became great influences and life-long collaborators with the group.

In 1971, the group sent a reel-to-reel demo tape to Hal Halverstadt at [[Warner Bros.]], as he had signed [[Captain Beefheart]], one of the group's heroes, to the label. Halverstadt was not impressed with ''[[The Warner Bros. Album]]'', but gave it an "A for Ariginality". Because the band had not included a name in the return address, the rejection slip was addressed to "Residents". The group decided to use this name, first becoming Residents Uninc., then shortening it to the current name.

The first known public performance of the Residents, Uninc. was at the Boarding House in San Francisco in 1971.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pehling |first=Dave |date=April 16, 2023 |title=Enigmatic San Francisco art-rockers the Residents celebrate 50 years at Great American - CBS San Francisco |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/san-francisco-art-rock-the-residents-great-american-music-hall/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521125858/https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/san-francisco-art-rock-the-residents-great-american-music-hall/ |archive-date=May 21, 2024 |access-date=May 21, 2024 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The brief, guerrilla-style performance took the audience by surprise. A photo from it, showing Lithman playing violin with his pinky "about to strike the violin like a snake", originated the stage name he used for the rest of his life, [[Snakefinger]]. Later in 1971, a second tape was completed called ''Baby Sex'', featuring a long collage partially consisting of recordings from the Boarding House performance. The cover art for the tape box was a silk-screened copy of an old photo depicting a woman fellating a small child, an example of the extremely confrontational and deliberately puerile visual and lyrical style the group adopted during this period.

===1972–1980: "Classic" era===

====''Santa Dog'', ''Meet the Residents'', ''Not Available'' & ''The Third Reich 'n Roll'' (1972–1976)====
[[File:Residents-EnigmaticFoe1974.jpg|thumb|left|The Enigmatic Foe (still from the [[Not Available (album)|''Not Available'']] sessions, 1974)]]
In early 1972, the band left San Mateo and relocated to 20 Sycamore St, [[San Francisco]]; a studio they named "El Ralpho", which boasted a completely open ground floor (seemingly ideal for a sound stage), allowing the group to expand their operations and also begin preliminary work on their most ambitious project up to that point, a full-length film entitled ''[[Vileness Fats]]'', which consumed most of their attention for the next four years. Intended to be the first-ever long form music video, the Residents saw this project as an opportunity to create the ultimate [[cult film]]. After four years of filming (from 1972 to 1976) the project was reluctantly cancelled because of time, space, and monetary constraints. Fifteen hours of footage was shot for the project, yet only approximately 35 minutes of that footage has ever been released.

The group also formed [[Ralph Records]] at this time, as a small, independent label to release and promote their own work. In 1972, to inaugurate the new business, the group recorded and pressed the ''Santa Dog'' EP, their first recorded output to be released to the public. Designed to resemble a Christmas card from an insurance company, the EP consisted of two 7" singles, one song on each side. The four songs were presented as being by four different bands (Ivory & the Braineaters, Delta Nudes, the College Walkers, and Arf & Omega featuring the Singing Lawnchairs), with only a small note on the interior of the gatefold sleeve mentioning the participation of "Residents, Uninc."

They sent copies of ''Santa Dog'' to west coast radio stations with no response until Bill Reinhardt, program director of [[KBOO]]-FM in [[Portland, Oregon]], received a copy and played it heavily on his show. Reinhardt met the Residents at their studio at 20 Sycamore St.<ref name=Sycamore>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/ripitupstartagai00reyno|url-access=registration|title=Rip it Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984|first=Simon|last=Reynolds|date=January 1, 2005|publisher=Penguin|access-date=November 16, 2016|page=[https://archive.org/details/ripitupstartagai00reyno/page/200 200]|quote=sent back addressed to "Residents, 20 Sycamore St., San Francisco|via=Internet Archive|isbn=9780143036722}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfmuralarts.com/neighborhood/mission/sycamore-street/11.html|title=San Francisco Mural Arts – Mission – Sycamore Street|website=Sfmuralarts.com|access-date=July 13, 2018}}</ref> in the summer of 1973 with the news of his broadcasts. The Residents gave Reinhardt exclusive access to all their recordings, including copies of the original masters of ''Stuffed Trigger'', ''Baby Sex'', and ''[[The Warner Bros. Album]]''.

Throughout this point, the group had been manipulating old tapes they had collected and regularly recording jam sessions, and these recordings eventually became the group's debut full-length album, ''[[Meet the Residents]]'', which was released in 1974 on Ralph. To aid in promoting the group, Reinhardt was given 50 of the first 1,000 copies of ''Meet the Residents''. Some were sent to friends, listeners and critics, and two dozen were left for sale on consignment at the [[Music Millennium]] record store, where they sat unsold for months. KBOO DJ Barry Schwam (a.k.a. Schwump, who also recorded with the Residents) promoted them on his program as well. Eventually, KBOO airplay attracted a cult following.[[File:TheResidents1976.jpg|thumb|The Residents, 1974–1976]]Following the release of ''Meet the Residents'', the group began working on a follow-up entitled ''[[Not Available (album)|Not Available]]''. Following N. Senada's theory of obscurity, the LP was recorded and compiled completely in private, and would not be released until the group had completely forgotten about its existence.<ref>The Residents - ''[[Not Available (album)|Not Available]]'' liner notes [<nowiki/>[[East Side Digital]]] (ESD80192) 1988</ref>

During breaks in the sessions for ''Vileness Fats'', the group recorded their next project, entitled ''[[The Third Reich 'n Roll]]'', over the course of a year between October 1974 and October 1975. The album consisted of two side-long [[medley (music)|medleys]] of the band covering popular songs from 1950s and 1960s, whilst toying with the concept of the popularity of [[rock 'n' roll]] being comparable to that of the rise of [[Nazism]] in the 1930s. The resulting LP was released in 1976, and was the group's first project to feature a [[music video]], created by syncing an old video of the group performing with an edited version of "Swastikas on Parade".<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Third Reich 'n' Roll - Historical - The Residents|url=https://residents.com/historical/?page=thirdreichandroll|access-date=2020-11-19|website=residents.com}}</ref>

After ''the Third Reich 'n Roll''{{'}}s release, a group of enterprising friends and collaborators from their early days in [[San Mateo, California|San Mateo]] — Homer Flynn, [[Hardy Fox]], Jay Clem and John Kennedy — also joined the group in San Francisco, forming what became the Cryptic Corporation to manage and represent the band. Clem became the band's spokesman; Fox edited, produced and compiled the band's increasingly prolific output; Flynn was already handling the group's cover design and promotional art under the banner of Pore Know Graphics; and Kennedy took the role of "President" (admittedly a fairly empty title, as overall responsibilities were handled more or less equally by the four). The Cryptic Corporation took over the day-to-day operations of Ralph Records, and provided the band with an improved public relations platform.

Shortly after the introduction of the Cryptic Corporation, the Residents recorded their "[[(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction|Satisfaction]]" single, the B-side of which featured the Residents' first work with the [[ARP Odyssey]], the first synthesizer owned by the group, purchased by the Cryptics.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Synth City {{!}} CODGERS ON THE MOON|url=http://hardyfox.com/public_html/codgers/page13/index.html|access-date=2020-11-19|website=hardyfox.com}}</ref>

====''Eskimo'', ''Fingerprince'', ''Duck Stab'', & rise in popularity (1976–1979)====
Following "Satisfaction", the group began recording [[Eskimo (album)|''Eskimo'']] in April 1976; a concept album based upon the Theory of Phonetic Organisation that suggests that music should not be confined to chords and structures, but instead should simply be a collection of fascinating noises. The album featured acoustic soundscapes inspired by Inuit culture,<ref>Eskimo Liner Notes (Ralph Records, ESK7906) [1979]
</ref> whilst parodying American ignorance of other cultures. The ''Eskimo'' sessions lasted many years, and featured many divergences, the first of which, in November 1976, resulted in ''[[Fingerprince]]'', a collection of unused recordings from ''the Third Reich 'n Roll'', ''Not Available'', and ''Eskimo'' sessions.<ref>The Residents - Fingerprince Liner Notes, (Ralph Records RR1276) [1977]</ref>

''Fingerprince'' received considerable coverage in the British press, and was the first LP by the group to receive any critical attention when [[Jon Savage]] reviewed the album and its two predecessors favorably for the December 31st issue of [[Sounds (magazine)|Sounds]] magazine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rocksbackpages.com/Library/Article/residents-imeet-the-residents--third-reich-n-roll--finger-prince-i|title=Residents: Meet the Residents *****; Third Reich 'N' Roll *****; Finger Prince *****. By Jon Savage : Articles, reviews and interviews from Rock's Backpages.|website=Rocksbackpages.com|access-date=2020-01-06}}</ref> This review gained the group considerable attention, with many of their previously unsold mail-order items being sold seemingly overnight.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Duck Stab / Buster & Glenn pREServed Liner Notes|last=Shirley|first=Ian|publisher=Pale Pachyderm Publishing|year=2018|pages=1}}</ref> The sudden success of ''Fingerprince'' and its predecessors caused the group to briefly halt production on ''Eskimo'' to create something more appealing to their newfound audience.

The Residents followed up ''Fingerprince'' with their ''[[Duck Stab!]]'' EP – their most accessible release up to that point. This EP got the band some attention from the press (namely ''[[NME]]'', ''[[Sounds (magazine)|Sounds]]'' and ''[[Melody Maker]]''), and was followed in 1978 by the ''[[Duck Stab/Buster & Glen]]'' album, which paired the EP with a similar, concurrently recorded EP which had not been released separately. The group then continued work on ''[[Eskimo (album)|Eskimo]]'', which proved a very difficult project, marked by many conflicts between the band and their management which led to a number of delays in the release date.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Kevin L. |date=June 30, 2014 |title=Tap Into Your Inner Resident: Notes on our Planet's Strangest Band {{!}} KQED |url=https://www.kqed.org/arts/10137103/tap-into-your-inner-resident-notes-on-our-planets-strangest-band |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723160043/https://www.kqed.org/arts/10137103/tap-into-your-inner-resident-notes-on-our-planets-strangest-band |archive-date=July 23, 2021 |access-date=May 21, 2024 |website=www.kqed.org |language=en}}</ref>

The sudden attention afforded to them by the success of the ''Duck Stab!'' EP and "Satisfaction" single required an album release as soon as possible to help fund the band's spiraling recording costs, and to meet the demand for new Residents material. This forced the release of the band's long-shelved "second album" ''[[Not Available]]'' in 1978. The Residents were not bothered by this deviation from the original plan not to release the album, as the 1978 release ultimately did not affect the philosophical conditions under which it was originally recorded.

''[[Eskimo (album)|Eskimo]]'' was finally released in 1979 to much acclaim, even making it to the final list for nominations for a Grammy award in 1980, although the album wasn't nominated. Rather than being songs in the orthodox sense, the compositions on ''Eskimo'' sounded like "live-action stories" without dialogue. The cover art of ''Eskimo'' also presents the first instance of the group wearing eyeball masks and tuxedos, which was later considered by many to be the group's signature costume. The Residents had only intended to wear these costumes for the cover of ''Eskimo'', but adopted the costumes in the longer term as it provided them with a unique and recognisable image.

The group followed ''Eskimo'' with ''[[Commercial Album]]'' in 1980. The LP featured 40 songs, each exactly one minute in length.<ref name="rf">{{cite book
| last1                  = Buckley
| first1                 = Peter
| last2                 = Fontenoy
| first2                = Richard
| title                 = The Rough Guide to Rock
| url                   = https://books.google.com/books?id=7ctjc6UWCm4C&q=The+Rough+Guide+to+Rock
| access-date            = January 8, 2013
| date                  = November 20, 2003
| publisher             = [[Rough Guides]]
| isbn                  = 978-1843531050
| pages                 = 868–870
| edition = 3rd
}}</ref> Around this time, two short films were made in collaboration with [[Graeme Whifler]]: ''One Minute Movies'', consisting of four music videos for tracks from the ''Commercial Album''; and a video for "Hello Skinny" from the ''Duck Stab'' LP. Created at a time when MTV (and what later became known as "music video" in general) was in its infancy, the group's videos were in heavy rotation since they were among the few music videos available to broadcasters.

===1981–1990: New technology and live performances===

====''Mark of the Mole'' & The Mole Show (1981–1983)====
[[File:ResidentsMoleShowChub.png|thumb|right|The Mole Show Live, 1983]]
The Residents' follow up to ''Commercial Album'' was ''[[Mark of the Mole]]'', released in 1981. The album was a reaction to the group feeling betrayed by a suddenly disinterested music press.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mole Trilogy - Historical - The Residents|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=moletrilogy#markofthemole|access-date=2021-11-21|website=www.residents.com}}</ref>

Shortly after the release of ''Mark of the Mole'', the Residents purchased one of the first ever [[E-mu Emulator]] samplers, number #00005 specifically.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mole Trilogy - Historical - The Residents|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=moletrilogy#tunesoftwocities|access-date=2021-02-23|website=Residents.com}}</ref> The instrument was revolutionary for the band, as the sampling capacities of the keyboard not only allowed them to recreate instruments the members were not able to play,<ref>{{cite web|last=Flynn|first=Homer|date=19 July 2020|title=Homer Flynn Interview (Icky Flix Tour 2001)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=261&v=QJrGZp5uUn4&feature=youtu.be|website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref> but also gave them the opportunity to create their meticulously crafted studio sound in a live setting. The first album the band recorded using the emulator was ''[[The Tunes of Two Cities]]'', the second part of the Mole Trilogy, which was nearly entirely recorded using the Emulator.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Synth City {{!}} CODGERS ON THE MOON|url=http://hardyfox.com/public_html/codgers/page13/index.html|access-date=2021-02-23|website=hardyfox.com}}</ref>

Following the release of ''Cities'' The Residents also released the EP ''Intermission''. Then they started rehearsing for a possible live show, eventually developing their first touring project, the Mole Show, a theatrical retelling of their ''Mark of the Mole'' album. The band debuted the show with a test performance, on April 10, 1982, before a tour of California in October, and a European tour throughout mid 1983.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mole Trilogy - Historical - The Residents|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=moletrilogy#moleshow|access-date=2021-02-23|website=Residents.com}}</ref> The show featured [[Penn Jillette]] as the narrator, playing a similar role as he had previously done with the Ralph Records 10th Anniversary radio special.

A third leg, featuring dates in New York, was booked, but had to be cancelled after one performance due to lack of funding.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuGSC4C6wYc |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/JuGSC4C6wYc| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|title=The Cryptic Corporation & Snakefinger Press Conference (1986)|date=February 5, 2021 |access-date=June 20, 2021|publisher=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Following the Mole Show, the band was broke, and as such attempted to recoup some of their losses with several archival releases, including a collection of outtakes called ''[[Residue of the Residents|Residue]]'' in 1983, and a VHS containing recordings from the Mole Show as well as a newly scored edit of ''Vileness Fats'' footage.

====The American Composers Series, 13th Anniversary Show, and the end of Ralph (1984–1987)====
Deciding to take a break from part three of the Mole Trilogy, the Residents began a new project entitled the ''American Composers Series'', a planned series of 10 albums which would pay tribute to pop artists and instrumental composers from the United States. The first result of this pairing was ''[[George & James]]'', featuring the music of [[George Gershwin]] and [[James Brown]]. Following the release of ''George & James'', the Residents finally abandoned part three of the Mole Trilogy, choosing instead to record a fourth entry entitled [[The Big Bubble: Part Four of the Mole Trilogy|''The Big Bubble'']], featuring very stripped-down instrumentation in order to portray a fictional garage rock band. No further entries into the Mole Trilogy have been recorded, and the project is considered abandoned.

When ''The Big Bubble'' was released in Japan by Wave Records, it was an unquestioned success, its popularity resulting in Wave funding a two-week tour of Japan for the group in October 1985.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Big Bubble - Historical - The Residents|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/index.php?page=bigbubble|access-date=2021-02-23|website=Residents.com}}</ref> The tour was successful, and re-ignited the group's interest in creating live performances. As a result, they eventually embarked on their 13th Anniversary world tour, ranging from 1985 to 1987, with Snakefinger playing electric guitar. As for studio work, the group eventually released their second entry in the American Composers series, ''[[Stars & Hank Forever: The American Composers Series|Stars & Hank Forever]]'', featuring the music of [[Hank Williams]] and [[John Philip Sousa]]. Their version of the Williams song "Kaw-liga" was particularly successful in the emerging club scene.

Due to licensing costs and the emerging CD format, the American Composers series was later abandoned. ''Stars & Hank Forever'' was the last Residents project Snakefinger played on, as he died of a heart attack in July 1987.

Following the release of the ''13th Anniversary Show'' LP in 1986 and a cover of "[[Hit the Road Jack]]" in 1987, the Cryptic Corporation resigned control of Ralph Records over to Tom & Sheenah Timony, and the Residents signed to [[Rykodisc]]. Tom and Sheenah later turned Ralph into a new label, T.E.C. Tones, and established the Residents' official fan club from 1988 to 1993: UWEB (Uncle Willie's Eyeball Buddies).<ref name=":11">{{Cite book|last=Shirley|first=Ian|title=Never Known Questions: Five Decades of the Residents|publisher=[[Cherry Red Records|Cherry Red]]|year=2016|isbn=978-1909454262|location=UK}}</ref>

====''God in Three Persons'' and ''Cube E'' (1987–1990)====
After two compilation CDs titled ''Heaven?'' and ''Hell!'', the Residents' first new project for Ryko was titled ''[[God in Three Persons (album)|God in Three Persons]]'', an hour-long poem in the form of a spoken-word [[rock opera]]. This was the first new Residents album to be released on [[Compact disc|CD]], and the last Residents project to be entirely recorded on analog tape, as the group moved on to [[MIDI]] technology; their first venture into MIDI was scoring episodes for ''[[Pee-wee's Playhouse]]'' in 1987. Despite initially mixed critical and commercial reaction, ''God in Three Persons'' today is considered one of the group's masterworks.

On November 18, 1987, at a party in Amsterdam for Boudisque Records, the Residents' European label, they premiered a new work titled ''Buckaroo Blues'', a suite of cowboy songs. After a choreographed [[Tele 5|TELE5]] appearance in April 1988, this suite was coupled with a second one titled ''Black Barry'', a suite of "black music" (that is, blues and gospel), and formed the first act of the Residents' next touring project, ''Cube-E: The History of American Music in 3EZ Pieces''. After the show's debut in New York, on July 21, 1989, it was decided to add a third act consisting of covers of [[Elvis Presley]] songs, completing the equation "Cowboy music + Black music = Rock and roll." The show took on a much more theatrical approach than the 13th Anniversary tour, with elaborate set designs, costumes, lighting and choreography. ''Cube-E'' toured from September 1989 to November 1990,<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical: Cube E|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=cubee|website=Residents.com}}</ref> and was successful, both critically and financially.

A studio version of the third act was also released and titled ''[[The King & Eye]]''. The album was recorded at Different Fur Studios and released on [[Enigma Records]] around the time the tour began in September 1989. Further television work was also being done for [[MTV]], with the Residents scoring and doing voice work for ''[[Liquid Television]]'' and the [[Henry Selick]]-directed pilot "Slow Bob in the Lower Dimensions."

===1990–1997: Multimedia projects===
====''Freak Show'', CD-ROMs, and the 25th anniversary (1991–1997)====
Recordings for a new studio album were worked on during breaks in the Cube-E tour, and shortly after the tour, ''[[Freak Show/Freak Show Soundtrack|Freak Show]]'' was released.<ref name=":10">''Freak Show'' pREServed edition liner notes.</ref> An album detailing the lives and personalities of fictional carnival freaks, the ''Freak Show'' project spawned many other iterations, such as a graphic novel in collaboration with comic artists from [[Dark Horse Comics|Dark Horse]], such as [[Brian Bolland]] and [[Matt Howarth]], and a promotional video created with the help of New York artist [[John Sanborn (media artist)|John Sanborn]], which also presented a music video for "Harry the Head", animated by computer artist Jim Ludtke; both artists went on to collaborate with the Residents on many further projects.

A partnership with [[Voyager Company|Voyager]] in 1992 allowed the Residents to develop a [[LaserDisc|laserdisc]] titled ''[[Twenty Twisted Questions]]'' to celebrate their twentieth anniversary. Along with this laserdisc, a studio album was recorded, titled ''[[Our Finest Flowers]]''. Not quite a "greatest hits" compilation, many tracks on the album borrow elements from previous songs in the Residents' catalog.

The Residents' collaboration with Jim Ludtke resulted in the creation of the ''Freak Show'' and ''[[Bad Day on the Midway]]'' [[CD-ROM]]s. Both of these projects featured many other collaborations with visual artists, including returning collaborators from the ''Freak Show'' graphic novel, such as [[Richard Sala]] and [[Dave McKean]]. The Residents enjoyed quite a bit of critical and financial success with these CD-ROMs, winning several industry awards. However, during early development stages for a third CD-ROM, titled ''I Murdered Mommy'', their distributor [[Inscape (company)|Inscape]] was forced to dissolve due to oversaturation and obsoletion of the CD-ROM market.

Despite majorly occupying themselves with CD-ROM development, the Residents still remained musically active, releasing an [[enhanced CD]] album titled [[Gingerbread Man (album)|''Gingerbread Man'']] (an observation and study of nine fictional characters) in 1994, and scoring the [[Discovery Channel]] documentary series ''Hunters'' in 1995. ''Freak Show'' also got a live adaptation in November 1995, at the Archa Theater in Prague. While the Residents did act as music and stage directors for the show, they did not actually perform; the music was conducted and performed by Czech band [[Už jsme doma|Už Jsme Doma]], while actors and dancers played their roles on stage.

''Freak Show Live'' was the last iteration of the ''Freak Show'' brand; while a DVD was being developed in 2003, the early death of animator Jim Ludtke immediately halted the project.<ref name=":10" />

Around this time, singer/performer Molly Harvey was recruited to work with the group. While her first appearance in a Residents project was the ''Gingerbread Man'' album, she officially became a member of the group in 1997, with a one-off performance at the [[Popkomm]] festival in Germany titled ''Disfigured Night''. This performance later became the second act of a special 25th anniversary show at the [[Fillmore West|Fillmore]] in San Francisco, in October 1997.

=== 1998–2009: New collaborators / The 2nd millennium ===
==== Return to touring: ''Wormwood'', ''Icky Flix'', and ''Demons Dance Alone'' (1998–2005) ====
Due to the collapse of the CD-ROM market, a collective decision was made to tour again. While keeping up with their theatrical tendencies by regular use of costumes and stage props, the Residents also performed and recorded with a team of guest musicians: the aforementioned Molly Harvey (vocals), Nolan Cook (guitar), Carla Fabrizio (arrangements and vocals), [[Larry Mullins (musician)|Toby Dammit]] (drums), and later on in 2002, [[Eric Drew Feldman]] (keyboards). Some of the band members, notably Feldman and Fabrizio, went on to collaborate with the group on numerous other projects up until the present time, while Cook eventually became a full-time band member. Fabrizio's connections with the Balinese gamelan ensemble [[Gamelan Sekar Jaya]] allowed for occasional collaborations between the two groups during this period.<ref name=":11" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical: Bridegroom of Blood|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=bridegroomofblood|website=Residents.com}}</ref>

The first tour with this new band formation was for the 1998 album [[Wormwood: Curious Stories from the Bible|''Wormwood'']], a collection of songs depicting typically gruesome stories from the [[Bible|Holy Bible]], mostly from the [[Old Testament]]. While the studio album only featured Harvey, Fabrizio and Dammit as guests (with Dammit only taking occasional vocal duties), the band was mostly fully formed by the time of the show's live debut at the Fillmore in October 1998. The Wormwood show toured up to July 1999,<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical: Wormwood Live|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=wormwoodlive|website=Residents.com}}</ref> and featured drastically different arrangements of songs from the album, mostly darker and heavier, as well as new or unused material related to the concept. Some of these arrangements were recorded for a studio album titled ''[[Roadworms: The Berlin Sessions|Roadworms]]'', and a [[DVD]] of the live show was released in 2005.

The same band formation later toured to promote the Residents' first DVD, ''[[Icky Flix]]'', a compilation of most of the group's music videos, as well as new animated videos and a re-recorded soundtrack, to celebrate the group's upcoming 30th anniversary. These re-recorded arrangements were performed on the show as their corresponding videos played from the DVD onto a screen.

On the event of the [[September 11 attacks]], the Residents were still touring ''Icky Flix'' in Europe. The resulting fear and anxiety caused by the attacks resulted in the recording of ''[[Demons Dance Alone]]'' in 2002. While not a direct response to the events, the songs on the album portrayed the negative emotions felt by the group and its individual members; this was reflected in the album's subsequent tour, which took place from October 2002 to September 2003.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical: Demons Dance Alone|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=demonsdancealone|website=Residents.com}}</ref> The group's next major album, the 2005 ''[[Animal Lover]]'', contained lyrics of a similarly tragic nature, although in a more abstract manner. The album also contained a booklet with stories which presented the songs from the point of view of animals. ''Animal Lover'' was also the first Residents album to be released on the [[Mute Records|Mute]] label, which was solely responsible for the Residents' major releases until 2008.

''Animal Lover'' is currently the last Residents album to feature Molly Harvey, who moved to Atlanta to live with her husband at the time.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ArtsATL: Molly Harvey interview, 2018|url=https://www.artsatl.org/qa-molly-harvey-talks-about-time-with-experimental-rockers-the-residents-and-remembers-hardy-fox/|website=Artsatl.org|date=November 27, 2018}}</ref> Her last appearance as a member of the Residents was at a small series of shows titled ''The Way We Were'' at the "What is Music?" festival in Australia. The show's setlist was a career retrospective much in the style of the 13th Anniversary tour, the last time the Residents had toured Australia.

===2005–2009: The "Storyteller" era===
====Narrative albums and ''The Bunny Boy'' (2006–2009)====
Due to the increasing numbers of [[Online piracy|illegal downloads]] of music on the Internet, which considerably decreased product sales, the Residents attempted a new artistic medium: the [[radio drama]], in the form of a paid [[podcast]] distributed through Apple's [[iTunes]] service. This podcast, titled ''The River of Crime'' (a first-person tale of an individual's obsession with crime and criminals), ran for five weekly episodes in 2006 before its cancellation due to inconveniences surrounding the podcast's promotion on iTunes, thereby discouraging further production.<ref name=":11" />

Aside from ''Animal Lover'', the group's partnership with Mute produced three more albums: ''[[Tweedles]]'' in 2006 (a first-person character study of a sexually successful yet emotionally unavailable vampiric figure), ''[[The Voice of Midnight]]'' in 2007 (a retelling of the [[E. T. A. Hoffmann|E.T.A. Hoffmann]] story ''[[The Sandman (short story)|Der Sandmann]]''), and ''[[The Bunny Boy]]'' in 2008 (a first-person narrative and character study of the titular Bunny in search of his missing brother).

While ''Tweedles'' and ''The Voice of Midnight'' have not yet been developed further (aside from instrumental releases such as [[The Ughs!|''The UGHS!'']] in 2009), ''The Bunny Boy'' proved a very accessible concept. A [[YouTube]] video series of the same name was done to promote and further elaborate on the project. The series was partially interactive; fans could communicate with Bunny via [[Email|e-mail]], and some of the interactions may or may not have altered the course of the series' plot (a book containing some of Bunny's correspondence was published by Bandits Mages in 2019).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ulule - The Bunny Boy Emails|url=https://br.ulule.com/the-bunny-boy-emails/|website=Br.ulule.com}}</ref> Soon afterwards the album was toured from October to December 2008. A second season of the video series was shown in 2009, somewhat officially ending the project.

===2010–2016: Randy, Chuck & Bob===
[[File:Residents 2013.jpg|thumb|The Residents in 2013 on their Wonder of Weird 40th Anniversary Tour]]
Making a decision to shift focus from studio work to touring, and to enhance their show's portability, the Residents changed their live band to a "power trio" formation, and in a sort of meta stunt, appear to "unmask" themselves as lead singer / frontman "Randy," composer / keyboardist "Charles 'Chuck' Bobuck," and guitarist Nolan Cook as "Bob" – although all three band members were still costumed: "Randy" donned an old man mask and wore an overcoat with oversized red tie and shoes; "Chuck" and "Bob" wore red jackets, special goggles and fake dreadlocks. There was also mention of a fourth band member, drummer "Carlos," who allegedly had left the music business to take care of his mother in Mexico; however, despite being credited as singer in the group's 2012 album ''Coochie Brake'', there is no further evidence of "Carlos" having ever been a real band member.

This new band formation debuted in the ''Talking Light'' tour, which ran from January 2010 to April 2011. While the setlist once again consisted of assorted songs from the band's repertoire (although with greatly reworked arrangements), the show also featured newly written "ghost stories," in which a video of a narrator telling said stories was projected onto the stage while the band performed in a somewhat improvisational manner. These "ghost stories" were loosely threaded by the presence of television, TV commercials, and industrialized products such as [[Oscar Mayer]] hot dogs or [[Betty Crocker]] Pudding Roll-ups – although these weren't endorsements; these products were simply a minor element integrated into the stories, not unlike [[product placement]]. In between certain songs, "Randy" also spoke to the audience, introducing the band and later describing his own history with supernatural appearances, and his subsequent fear of mirrors. The tour was financially successful, and the band continued to perform in this formation with only minor changes in stage and costume design.

In the next couple of years, "Randy" took on an increased role as frontman of the band, starting a "personal" [[Tumblr]] blog<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maurice and me - Tumblr|url=https://randyresident.tumblr.com/|website=Randyresident.tumblr.com}}</ref> where he wrote mostly about life experiences and trivia regarding the Residents' history, as well as promoting his "solo" show, ''Sam's Enchanted Evening'', which was presented in various incarnations between June 2010 and March 2012 with collaborators Joshua Raoul Brody and Carla Fabrizio. More akin to musical theater than a concert, the show focused on the titular Sam's life story, with the singer alternating between monologues and cover performances of various songs that were important in his life. During this period, the Residents also collaborated with Belgian dancer/choreographer Grace Ellen Barkey from [[Needcompany]], composing the music for a show titled ''Mush-Room'' in 2013.

In 2014, "Randy" maintained a series of vlogs with the help of director Don Hardy, titled ''In My Room'' and later ''Randyland'', elaborating further on his experiences, both with the Residents and with events in his personal life. The blog currently has been inactive since January 6, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Maurice and me - Randy Returns|url=https://randyresident.tumblr.com/post/181762677130/hey-everybody-its-me-randy-remember-me|website=Randyresident.tumblr.com}}</ref> Composer "Charles Bobuck" also maintained a series of personal writings on the Residents' website titled ''The Test Tube of Tomorrow'', and occasionally release music under this name, usually material deemed unfitting for the Residents concept. Bobuck's writings were much more detailed and biographical, and his music much more abstract, often referred to as "contraptions" rather than compositions.

The group's 40th anniversary tour, ''The Wonder of Weird'', also elaborated on the "Randy, Chuck & Bob" concept, although guised as an anthology show – lead singer Randy once more spoke to the audience between songs, briefly discussing the band's history as he slowly grew depressed with the state of the band and his own life, occasionally leaving the stage and prompting the remaining band members to improvise. The show toured from January to May 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical - Wonder of Weird|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=wonderofweird|website=Residents.com}}</ref>

This band formation toured once more in 2014 with a show called ''Shadowland'', retrofittingly subtitled "part three of the 'Randy, Chuck & Bob' trilogy." Initially a one-off week of performances in Europe, the show was eventually brought back in March 2015, coinciding with the premiere of the ''Theory of Obscurity'' film – a documentary on the history of the band, directed by Don Hardy and produced by Barton Bishoff and Josh Keppel <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/were-an-anonymous-band-how-do-you-make-a-film-about-the-residents-41119/|title=How Do You Make a Documentary About the Residents?|first=Christopher R.|last=Weingarten|website=Rollingstone.com|date=March 2, 2015|access-date=June 20, 2021}}</ref> – at the [[SXSW Film Festival]].<ref>[http://cimmfest.org/theory-obscurity-film-residents/ "Theory of Obscurity", ''Chicago International Movies and Music Festival''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140509073343/http://cimmfest.org/theory-obscurity-film-residents/|date=May 9, 2014}}. Retrieved June 7, 2014</ref> This show was the last time "Charles Bobuck" performed with the band, as he decided to quit the touring business due to increasing health problems. He eventually quit the Residents altogether in 2016, revealing his identity as Hardy Fox of the Cryptic Corporation, and continued to make music as a solo artist until his death in October 2018.

''Shadowland'' then toured from August 2015 to July 2016,<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical - Shadowland|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=shadowland|website=Residents.com}}</ref> with Eric Drew Feldman (as Bobuck's cousin "Rico") replacing Fox on keyboards, as well as production on future Residents projects. The show was mostly similar to the previous two tours, with a setlist of various reworked songs from the group's repertoire, and occasional video interludes in the vein of ''Talking Light'', with different characters discussing their experiences with [[birth]], [[reincarnation]] and [[Near-death experience|near-death]].

=== 2017–present: ''Metal Meat & Bone'', ''Triple Trouble'' and the ''pREServed'' series===
In March 2017, the Residents presented their new lineup, advertised as "The Real Residents": "Tyrone" on vocals, "Eekie" (Nolan Cook) on guitar, "Erkie" (Eric Feldman) on keyboards, and "Cha Cha" on drums and percussion. Shortly after a preview of their ''In Between Dreams'' tour in Japan, the group released their first studio album since ''Coochie Brake'', titled ''The Ghost of Hope'', describing real [[train wreck]] stories from the 19th and early 20th century. The album was released on [[Cherry Red Records]], the Residents' current label, and promoted with a single, and their first music video since 2001's ''Icky Flix'' – "Rushing Like a Banshee," directed by John Sanborn. Although ''The Ghost of Hope'' was not toured, the Residents played both sides of the "Rushing Like a Banshee" single on the ''In Between Dreams'' show, which ran from October 2017 up to February 2019 and followed a loose theme, much like ''Shadowland'', this time of dreams.

During the tour, the Residents worked on new projects. Their next album, ''Intruders'', released in October 2018, was advertised along with the ''I am a Resident!'' concept, which started as a sort of officially endorsed tribute project: fans would submit their interpretations of Residents songs, and the group would collect their favorites into an album. After the number of submissions vastly exceeded their expectations, the group decided to change the project into a type of collage, even recording segments and overdubs of their own. The final album was released to contributors in May 2018, and worldwide in August 2018.

In July 2018, the Residents also published their second [[novel]] (the first being a novelization of their game ''Bad Day on the Midway'' in 2012). The book, entitled ''The Brick-Eaters'', was described as "an absurdist buddy movie story featuring a very tall internet content screener teaming up with an aging career criminal whose primary companions are an oxygen bottle and a .44 Magnum".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mailchi.mp/cherryred/the-residents-july2018|title=The Residents publish a novel and announce details of Intruders – a brand album to follow I AM A RESIDENT! later this year|website=Mailchi.mp|access-date=October 31, 2018}}</ref>

The group also began their ongoing ''pREServed'' reissue series in January 2018 – deluxe editions of the major albums in the band's discography, containing brand new remasters and unreleased recordings from the band's archives, previously in the care of Hardy Fox before he quit the group.

During the ''In Between Dreams'' tour, the Residents also previewed songs from their "upcoming [[blues]] album," which was eventually titled ''[[Metal, Meat & Bone: The Songs of Dyin' Dog]]''. The premise of the album was to present the long-lost recordings of a fictional albino blues singer named Alvin Snow, also known as "Dyin' Dog." The Residents would present the original "Dyin' Dog demos" on one disc and their own interpretations of the same songs on another disc. The album was released in July 2020 and promoted with two music videos for the Residents' new versions of "Bury My Bone" and "DIE! DIE! DIE!", the latter being sung by alternative rock musician and [[Pixies (band)|Pixies]] frontman [[Black Francis]].

[[File:20230220 Mousonturm Frankfurt 003 The Residents lmnr1.jpg|thumb|right|Dog Stab Tour at Mousonturm [[Frankfurt]] 20 February 2023]]
''Metal, Meat & Bone'' was promoted during the Residents' 'Dog Stab!' tour in 2021 (following numerous cancellations and postponements on account of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]) – the show, currently marketed as "the 50th anniversary show," presented songs from the new album as well as new arrangements of songs from their 1978 album, ''[[Duck Stab/Buster & Glen|Duck Stab / Buster & Glen]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Residents' Historical - Dog Stab|url=https://www.residents.com/historical/?page=dogstab|website=Residents.com}}</ref> The band will continue this tour with dates currently set for 2023.

To celebrate the group's 50th anniversary, a retrospective coffee table book, ''The Residents: A Sight for Sore Eyes, Vol. 1'' by author [[Aaron Tanner]], was announced. The book contains never-before-seen photos, quotes from celebrities influenced by the group, and a 7" single dating to the group's ''Not Available'' era.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pearis|first=Bill|title=The Residents releasing 50th anniversary book 'A Sight for Sore Eyes'|url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/the-residents-releasing-50th-anniversary-book-a-sight-for-sore-eyes/|access-date=2021-11-21|website=BrooklynVegan|date=October 28, 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

On May 13 and 14 2022, the Residents performed their ''God In Three Persons'' album live two more times, at the Presidio Theatre in San Francisco. The Residents presented themselves as a six-piece band at this show, with visuals created by John Sanborn. The visuals featured videos starring [[Jiz Lee]], who portrays the twins.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=Bay Area weekend: A slack-key guitar wizard; The Residents return |url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/05/12/bay-area-weekend-a-slack-key-guitar-wizard-the-residents-return |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=The Mercury News |language=en-US}}</ref>

The Residents' film ''[[Triple Trouble (2022 film)|Triple Trouble]]'' debuted in Chicago on July 29, 2022. It is composed of new footage shot during the COVID-19 pandemic and includes material from the Vileness Fats project.

On January 26, 2023,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Live & Preserved - The Residents |url=https://residents.com/tourdates/?view=past |access-date=2023-03-14 |website=residents.com}}</ref> The Residents embarked on their 50th anniversary tour. The tour features selections from Duck Stab, Metal, Meat & Bone, and 'an eclectic collection of fan favorites.' On US dates of the tour, the show was opened with their feature film ''Triple Trouble''. It is expected to conclude on April 19.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Live & Preserved - The Residents |url=https://residents.com/tourdates/ |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=residents.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=FACELESS FOREVER The Residents' 50th Anniversary Tour |url=https://www.gratefulweb.com/articles/faceless-forever-residents-50th-anniversary-tour |access-date=2023-03-14 |website=Grateful Web |language=en}}</ref> The tour saw the group perform a free webcast show at ''[[WXPN]]'' on March 31.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-31 |title=The Residents make the midday all that more bizarre at Free At Noon |url=https://xpn.org/2023/03/31/the-residents-fan/ |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=WXPN {{!}} Vinyl At Heart |language=en}}</ref>