Editing Tattoo machine (section)

==History==
[[File:Tattoo MKG Hamburg 2015.jpg|thumb|Traditional and modern tools at the [[Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg|Museum of Art and Design Hamburg]]; see [[history of tattooing]]]]
The predecessor to the tattoo machine was [[Thomas Edison]]'s [[electric pen]], patented under the title ''Stencil-Pens'' in Newark, New Jersey, [[United States]] in 1876.<ref>{{US patent|196747}}</ref> It was originally intended to be used as a duplicating device, but in 1891, [[Samuel O'Reilly]] discovered that Edison's machine could be modified and used to introduce ink into the skin, and later patented a tube and needle system to provide an ink reservoir.

While O'Reilly's machine was based on the tattoo rotary technology of Edison's device, modern tattoo machines use [[electromagnet]]s. The first machine based on this technology was a single coil machine patented by Thomas Riley of [[London]], just twenty days after O'Reilly filed the patent for his rotary machine. For his machine, Riley placed a modified [[doorbell]] assembly in a brass box. The modern two-coil configuration was patented by Alfred Charles South, also of London. Because it was so heavy, a spring was often attached to the top of the machine and the ceiling to take most of the weight off the operator's hand.

″To move tattooing forward, German tattoo artist [[Manfred Kohrs]] had to take a look backward.″ In 1978, Kohrs "introduced the first new design for a rotary machine in nearly a century. His machine was functionally similar to O'Reilly's except an electric DC motor, rather than electrified magnets, drove the needles. This slimmer and streamlined version became lighter, quieter, and more portable. It also gave artists more control while ensuring the operator's hands and fingers cramped less. While some artists gravitated to this rotary revival, others preferred to stick with their trusty coil machines."<ref>Courtney Linder: [https://www.popularmechanics.com/culture/a34702331/entire-history-of-tattoos/ ''Getting Ink: The Entire History of Tattooing''] popularmechanics.com 7. February 2021.</ref><ref>[http://issuu.com/sattyainc./docs/magazine.compressed Tattoo Nation - Tattoo Magazine, Issue # 1, July 10 2014, Page 35/64]</ref><ref>''Tattoo Nation'' Nepal's first Tattoo Magazine - July 2014, Issue #1, Page 35.</ref>

Most modern tattoo machines can control needle depth, speed, and force of application, which has allowed tattooing to become a very precise art form. Such advances in precision have also produced a style of facial tattooing that has attained mainstream popularity in America called [[dermapigmentation]], or "[[Permanent makeup|permanent cosmetics]]" creating results such as addition/removal of freckles, beauty spots and scars.

===Gallery===
<gallery perrow="6">
Image:Pat196747.png|{{US patent|196747}}, ''Stencil-Pens''
Image:Set - Rotary Gun 1978 K - Manfred Kohrs.JPG|Rotary-Set „Kohrs 1978“
Image:Tattoo Maschine Nadel.JPG|Manfred Kohrs 1978 - Rotary tattoo machine 
Image:Dermographe.jpg|Two-coil tattoo machine
</gallery>